{"id":455,"date":"2026-07-08T02:48:08","date_gmt":"2026-07-07T18:48:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tech-renaissance.cn\/blog\/?p=455"},"modified":"2026-07-08T16:11:26","modified_gmt":"2026-07-08T08:11:26","slug":"tech-renaissance%e5%85%a8%e6%99%af%e5%9b%be%ef%bc%9a%e4%b8%83%e5%a4%a7%e6%a8%a1%e5%9d%97%e4%b8%8e%e4%b8%80%e6%9d%a1%e6%a0%b7%e6%9c%ac%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%8c%e6%95%b4%e6%97%85%e7%a8%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tech-renaissance.cn\/blog\/index.php\/2026\/07\/08\/455\/","title":{"rendered":"(6) Tech-Renaissance\u5168\u666f\u56fe\uff1a\u4e03\u5927\u6a21\u5757\u4e0e\u4e00\u6761\u6837\u672c\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u65c5\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2014\u2014\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7528AI\u5982\u4f55\u5199\u51fa\u6bd4PyTorch\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u81ea\u7814\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6846\u67b6\u201d\u7cfb\u5217\u6587\u7ae0\u4e4b\u516d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u6587\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u4e00\u5f20Tech-Renaissance\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u5730\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u5f20\u5730\u56fe\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a2a\u8de8\u6570\u5b66\u62bd\u8c61\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e0e\u786c\u4ef6\u5fae\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u5730\u56fe\uff0c\u4f60\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u9677\u8fdb\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b97\u5b50\u3001\u67d0\u4e00\u6761CUDA kernel\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u91cc\uff0c\u5fd8\u4e86\u5b83\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5b58\u5728\uff1b\u4e5f\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u628a&#8221;\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e00\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3&#8221;\u7b80\u5355\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a&#8221;forward + backward&#8221;\uff0c\u800c\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u5230\u6307\u6807\u8f93\u51fa\u4e4b\u95f4\u7a76\u7adf\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u4ef6\u4e8b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff1a\u5148\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60Tech-Renaissance\u7684\u4e03\u5927\u6a21\u5757\u5404\u81ea\u662f\u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684\u3001\u5f7c\u6b64\u5982\u4f55\u4f9d\u8d56\uff1b\u518d\u8ddf\u7740\u4e00\u6761\u8bad\u7ec3\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u628a\u5b83\u4eceDTS\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u9884\u5904\u7406\u3001H2D\u4f20\u8f93\u3001\u524d\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u3001\u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u3001\u68af\u5ea6\u901a\u4fe1\u3001\u4f18\u5316\u5668\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6307\u6807\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u65c5\u7a0b\u8d70\u4e00\u904d\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u6bcf\u4e00\u7bc7\u4e13\u9898\u6587\u7ae0\u4f60\u90fd\u80fd\u5728\u8fd9\u5f20\u5730\u56fe\u4e0a\u627e\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6846\u67b6\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981&#8221;\u6a21\u5757\u5730\u56fe&#8221;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u4e2a\u73b0\u4ee3\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u628a\u5b83\u5256\u5f00\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u89e3\u51b3\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5f20\u91cf\u4e0e\u5185\u5b58<\/strong>\uff1a\u600e\u4e48\u8868\u793a\u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u636e\u3001\u600e\u4e48\u7ba1\u7406\u8bbe\u5907\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u600e\u4e48\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e0d\u540c\u786c\u4ef6\u4e0a\u7684\u5e03\u5c40\u4e00\u81f4\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u7b97\u5b50\u4e0e\u81ea\u52a8\u5fae\u5206<\/strong>\uff1a\u600e\u4e48\u5b9e\u73b0\u524d\u5411\u7b97\u5b50\u3001\u600e\u4e48\u81ea\u52a8\u63a8\u5bfc\u53cd\u5411\u68af\u5ea6\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u8ba1\u7b97\u56fe\u4e0e\u7f16\u8bd1<\/strong>\uff1a\u600e\u4e48\u628a\u6a21\u578b\u63cf\u8ff0\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u5212\u3001\u600e\u4e48\u505a\u5185\u5b58\u89c4\u5212\u548c\u56fe\u4f18\u5316\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u7ba1\u7ebf<\/strong>\uff1a\u600e\u4e48\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u9ad8\u6548\u8bfb\u53d6\u6837\u672c\u3001\u600e\u4e48\u505a\u9884\u5904\u7406\u589e\u5f3a\u3001\u600e\u4e48\u5582\u7ed9GPU\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u8bad\u7ec3\u7b97\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u4f18\u5316\u5668\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u7387\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u600e\u4e48\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u600e\u4e48\u4e0e\u56fe\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u5408\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4e0e\u786c\u4ef6\u62bd\u8c61<\/strong>\uff1a\u600e\u4e48\u8c03\u7528CUDA\/cuDNN\/NCCL\u3001\u600e\u4e48\u7ba1\u7406\u6d41\u548c\u540c\u6b65\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4efb\u52a1\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f<\/strong>\uff1a\u600e\u4e48\u628a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u4e1c\u897f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6216\u63a8\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u5f7c\u6b64\u8026\u5408\uff0c\u4f46\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u7c7b\u522b\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u5168\u90e8\u63c9\u8fdb\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\uff0c\u6846\u67b6\u5f88\u5feb\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u5206\u5f97\u592a\u788e\uff0c\u6a21\u5757\u4e4b\u95f4\u53c8\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u800c\u76f8\u4e92\u62d6\u7d2f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u4e3b\u6d41\u6846\u67b6\u5728\u6f14\u8fdb\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u90fd\u4f1a\u9010\u6e10\u5f62\u6210\u67d0\u79cd\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u8fb9\u754c\u3002PyTorch\u6709ATen\uff08\u5f20\u91cf\/\u7b97\u5b50\uff09\u3001TorchScript\/FX\uff08\u56fe\uff09\u3001Autograd\uff08\u5fae\u5206\uff09\u3001c10d\uff08\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\uff09\u3001DataLoader\uff08\u6570\u636e\uff09\u7b49\u5206\u5c42\uff1bTensorFlow\u4e5f\u6709Runtime\u3001Graph\u3001XLA\u3001Kernel\u3001Distributed\u7b49\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6846\u67b6\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u5341\u51e0\u5e74\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u4e0e\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u8fb9\u754c\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48&#8221;\u5e72\u51c0&#8221;\uff0c\u6a21\u5757\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e3a\u4e86\u517c\u5bb9\u5386\u53f2\u63a5\u53e3\u800c\u5b58\u5728\u5927\u91cf\u80f6\u6c34\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tech-Renaissance\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u628a\u6a21\u5757\u8fb9\u754c\u753b\u5f97\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4e0d\u662f&#8221;\u518d\u505a\u4e00\u4e2aPyTorch&#8221;\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56f4\u7ed5&#8221;\u9759\u6001\u56fe\u7f16\u8bd1 + CUDA Graph\u5168\u6355\u83b7 + \u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u96f6\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58&#8221;\u8fd9\u4e00\u6838\u5fc3\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u628a\u804c\u8d23\u5207\u5230\u6700\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u4e03\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\uff1aCore\u3001Data\u3001Tensor\u3001Graph\u3001Algo\u3001Task\u3001Backend\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001\u4e03\u5927\u6a21\u5757\uff1a\u4e00\u5f20\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u804c\u8d23\u8868<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tech-Renaissance\u7684\u6e90\u7801\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0e\u6a21\u5757\u4e00\u4e00\u5bf9\u5e94\uff1a<code>src\/core\/<\/code>\u3001<code>src\/data\/<\/code>\u3001<code>src\/tensor\/<\/code>\u3001<code>src\/graph\/<\/code>\u3001<code>src\/algo\/<\/code>\u3001<code>src\/task\/<\/code>\u3001<code>src\/backend\/<\/code>\u3002\u516c\u5f00\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u5219\u7edf\u4e00\u653e\u5728<code>include\/renaissance\/<\/code>\u4e0b\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u804c\u8d23\u4e0e\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u6a21\u5757<\/th><th>\u6e90\u7801\u76ee\u5f55<\/th><th>\u516c\u5f00\u5934\u6587\u4ef6<\/th><th>\u6838\u5fc3\u804c\u8d23<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Core<\/strong><\/td><td><code>src\/core\/<\/code><\/td><td><code>include\/renaissance\/core\/<\/code><\/td><td>\u57fa\u7840\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u968f\u673a\u6570\u3001\u5168\u5c40\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u5f02\u5e38\u4f53\u7cfb<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Data<\/strong><\/td><td><code>src\/data\/<\/code><\/td><td><code>include\/renaissance\/data\/<\/code><\/td><td>\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u8f7d\u3001\u56fe\u50cf\u89e3\u7801\u3001\u9884\u5904\u7406\u589e\u5f3a\u3001H2D\u53cc\u7f13\u51b2\u4f20\u8f93<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Tensor<\/strong><\/td><td><code>src\/tensor\/<\/code><\/td><td><code>include\/renaissance\/tensor\/<\/code><\/td><td>\u4e3b\u673a\u7aef<code>Tensor<\/code>\u4e0e\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u5f20\u91cf\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26<code>DTensor<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Graph<\/strong><\/td><td><code>src\/graph\/<\/code><\/td><td><code>include\/renaissance\/graph\/<\/code><\/td><td>BluePrint DSL\u3001ArchPlan\u3001Compiler\u3001MemoryPlan\u3001ComputationGraph\u3001CUDA Graph\u6355\u83b7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Algo<\/strong><\/td><td><code>src\/algo\/<\/code><\/td><td><code>include\/renaissance\/algo\/<\/code><\/td><td>\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u4f18\u5316\u5668\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u7387\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Task<\/strong><\/td><td><code>src\/task\/<\/code><\/td><td><code>include\/renaissance\/task\/<\/code><\/td><td>\u8bad\u7ec3\/\u63a8\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u95e8\u9762\u4e0e\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Backend<\/strong><\/td><td><code>src\/backend\/<\/code><\/td><td><code>include\/renaissance\/backend\/<\/code><\/td><td>\u7b97\u5b50\u6ce8\u518c\u3001\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u6c60\u3001GraphExecutor<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Core<\/strong>\u662f\u6700\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u3002<code>include\/renaissance\/core\/types.h<\/code>\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u6846\u67b6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<code>Shape<\/code>\uff08\u7edf\u4e00NHWC\u56db\u7ef4\uff09\u3001<code>DType<\/code>\u3001<code>Phase<\/code>\u3001<code>StreamKind<\/code>\u3001<code>Region<\/code>\u7b49\u3002<code>Region<\/code>\u628a\u6574\u4e2a\u663e\u5b58\u5212\u5206\u4e3a<strong>68 \u4e2a\u8bed\u4e49\u5206\u533a<\/strong>\uff08\u679a\u4e3e\u69fd\u4f4d\u5171 69 \u4e2a\uff0c\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fb9\u754c\u54e8\u5175\uff09\u2014\u2014\u6743\u91cd\u533a\u3001\u68af\u5ea6\u533a\u3001\u4e00\u9636\/\u4e8c\u9636\u52a8\u91cf\u533a\u3001EMA\u533a\u3001AMP FP16\u6743\u91cd\u533a\u3001\u8f93\u5165\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u3001\u7279\u5f81\u56fe\u533a\u3001\u4e34\u65f6\u5f20\u91cf\u533a\u3001\u7ed3\u679c\u533a\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u540e\u7eedMemoryPlan\u9759\u6001\u663e\u5b58\u89c4\u5212\u7684\u6839\u57fa\u3002Core\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u57fa\u4e8ePhilox4x32-10\u7684\u53ef\u590d\u73b0\u968f\u673a\u6570\u751f\u6210\u5668\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5168\u5c40\u914d\u7f6e\u5355\u4f8b<code>GlobalRegistry<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Data<\/strong>\u8d1f\u8d23&#8221;\u628a\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u642c\u5230GPU\u8f93\u5165\u7f13\u51b2\u533a&#8221;\u3002\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86<code>DataLoader<\/code>\u62bd\u8c61\u57fa\u7c7b\uff0c\u4e3aMNIST\u3001CIFAR\u3001ImageNet\u5206\u522b\u63d0\u4f9bDTS\u683c\u5f0f\u548cRAW\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668\uff1b<code>Preprocessor<\/code>\u8d1f\u8d23\u914d\u7f6e\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u3001\u6570\u636e\u589e\u5f3a\u53d8\u6362\u548c<code>FusedNormalization<\/code>\u2014\u2014\u540e\u8005\u5c06ToTensor\u3001\u968f\u673a\u6c34\u5e73\u7ffb\u8f6c\u3001Normalize\u3001\u968f\u673a\u64e6\u9664\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u539f\u672c\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u878d\u5408\u4e3a\u5355\u6b21\u5185\u5b58\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u6d88\u9664\u4e2d\u95f4\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u53cd\u590d\u8bfb\u5199\u5f00\u9500\uff1b<code>TransferStation<\/code>\u7ef4\u62a4A\/B\u53cc\u7f13\u51b2\uff0c\u628aCPU\u4fa7\u5df2\u7ecf\u5904\u7406\u597d\u7684batch\u901a\u8fc7\u9501\u9875\u5185\u5b58\u5f02\u6b65\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230GPU\u7684<code>I_A_DATA \/ I_B_DATA<\/code>\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Tensor<\/strong>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e24\u79cd\u5f20\u91cf\u62bd\u8c61\u3002\u4e3b\u673a\u7aef<code>Tensor<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7d27\u51d1\u7684NHWC\u6570\u636e\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u7528\u4e8eH2D\/D2H\u642c\u8fd0\uff1b<code>DTensor<\/code>\uff08<code>DistributedTensor<\/code>\uff09\u5219\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u4e4b\u4e00\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a<strong>\u7eaf\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26<\/strong>\uff0c\u53ea\u4fdd\u5b58<code>shape \/ dtype \/ region \/ offset \/ stride \/ slot_bytes<\/code>\uff0c\u4e0d\u6301\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5b9e\u9645\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u6240\u6709<code>DTensor<\/code>\u7684offset\u7531MemoryPlan\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u786e\u5b9a\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u5f20\u5e03\u5c40\u56fe\u7eb8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u591a\u5f20GPU\u4e0a\u5171\u4eab\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Graph<\/strong>\u662f\u9759\u6001\u56fe\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002<code>BluePrint<\/code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u58f0\u660e\u5f0fDSL\uff0c\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u7528<code>seq(fc(1024), relu(), ...)<\/code>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u63cf\u8ff0\u6a21\u578b\uff1b<code>ArchPlan<\/code>\u628aBluePrint\u5c55\u5f00\u6210\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7684<code>ArchLayer<\/code>\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u5e76\u6267\u884c10\u6b65\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u4e0e\u878d\u5408\u53d8\u6362\uff08\u5982\u5c06<code>cbr()<\/code>\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3aConv+BN+ReLU\u878d\u5408\u5355\u5143\uff09\uff1b<code>Compiler<\/code>\u6267\u884c\u4e94\u9636\u6bb5\u7f16\u8bd1\u7ba1\u7ebf\u2014\u2014\u5f62\u72b6\u63a8\u5bfc\u3001\u6700\u5927\u69fd\u4f4d\u8ba1\u7b97\u3001MemoryPlan\u751f\u6210\u3001ComputationGraph\u6784\u5efa\u3001\u56fe\u5171\u4eab\u53bb\u91cd\uff1b<code>MemoryPlan<\/code>\u57fa\u4e8e<strong>68 \u4e2a\u547d\u540d Region<\/strong>\uff08\u679a\u4e3e\u69fd\u4f4d\u5171 69 \u4e2a\uff0c\u542b\u8fb9\u754c\u54e8\u5175\uff09\u505a\u9759\u6001\u663e\u5b58\u5e03\u5c40\uff1b<code>ComputationGraph<\/code>\u662f&#8221;\u96f6\u5f62\u72b6\u4fe1\u606f&#8221;\u7684\u7eaf\u62d3\u6251\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c33\u4e2aGraphId\u6876\u5404\u5b58\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5e8f\u5217\uff1b<code>GraphAtlas<\/code>\u7ba1\u74066\u4e2a\u53d8\u4f53\u00d733\u4e2a\u5b50\u56fe\u7684O(1)\u7d22\u5f15\u6620\u5c04\uff1b<code>CapturedGraph<\/code>\u8d1f\u8d23\u628a\u5b50\u56fe\u6355\u83b7\u6210CUDA Graph\u6216CPU\u56de\u9000\u961f\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Algo<\/strong>\u662f\u8bad\u7ec3\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u5c42\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b<code>CrossEntropyLoss<\/code>\uff08\u652f\u6301label smoothing\uff09\u3001SGD \/ SGD-Momentum \/ LARS \/ Adam \/ AdamW\u4f18\u5316\u5668\uff0c\u4ee5\u53caPolynomialLR\u3001CosineAnnealingLR\u3001StepLR\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u5b66\u4e60\u7387\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1a\u4f18\u5316\u5668\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u5b66\u4e60\u7387\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u7387\u7531Scheduler\u552f\u4e00\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u628a&#8221;\u4f18\u5316\u7b97\u6cd5&#8221;\u548c&#8221;\u5b66\u4e60\u7387\u7b56\u7565&#8221;\u5e72\u51c0\u5730\u5206\u5f00\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u88ab\u5d4c\u5165\u8ba1\u7b97\u56fe\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u671f\u4e0d\u518d\u6709Python\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Task<\/strong>\u662f\u7528\u6237-facing\u7684\u95e8\u9762\u3002<code>TaskBase<\/code>\u5f3a\u5236\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\u72b6\u6001\u673a\uff1b<code>SimpleTask<\/code>\u9762\u5411\u624b\u52a8\u6784\u56fe\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\u573a\u666f\uff1b<code>DeepLearningTask<\/code>\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001EMA\u3001\u65e9\u505c\u3001\u6307\u6807\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Backend<\/strong>\u662f\u6267\u884c\u5f15\u64ce\u3002<code>DeviceContext<\/code>\u7ba1\u7406\u6bcf\u4e2arank\u7684CUDA\u6d41\uff08TRANS\u3001COMP_1\u3001COMP_2\u3001COMP_3\u3001UPDATE\uff09\u3001cuDNN\/cuBLAS\u53e5\u67c4\u3001workspace\u548cNCCL\u901a\u4fe1\u5668\uff1b<code>MemoryArena<\/code>\u8d1f\u8d23\u5168\u5c40\u663e\u5b58\/\u5185\u5b58\u6c60\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5206\u914d\uff1b<code>OpRegistry<\/code>\u505a\u7b97\u5b50\u5206\u53d1\uff1b<code>GraphExecutor<\/code>\u5219\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u671f\u6309\u7167\u9884\u6355\u83b7\u7684\u56fe\u96c6\u8c03\u5ea6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bad\u7ec3\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e03\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u662f\u4ece\u4e0a\u5230\u4e0b\u7684\u5355\u5411\u94fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"cpp\" data-enlighter-theme=\"atomic\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">Task \u2192 Graph \u2192 Tensor \u2192 Core&lt;br>Task \u2192 Algo \u2192 Core&lt;br>Task \u2192 Data \u2192 Core&lt;br>Task \u2192 Backend \u2192 Core<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Task\u662f\u603b\u8c03\u5ea6\u8005\uff0c\u5b83\u628aGraph\uff08\u7f16\u8bd1\u597d\u7684\u56fe\uff09\u3001Algo\uff08\u7b97\u6cd5\u914d\u7f6e\uff09\u3001Data\uff08\u6570\u636e\u7ba1\u7ebf\uff09\u3001Backend\uff08\u6267\u884c\u5f15\u64ce\uff09\u4e32\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002Core\u662f\u6240\u6709\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5171\u540c\u5e95\u5ea7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\u72b6\u6001\u673a\uff1a\u4ece&#8221;\u89c4\u5212&#8221;\u5230&#8221;\u9501\u5b9a&#8221;\u518d\u5230&#8221;\u6267\u884c&#8221;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u4e3b\u6d41\u52a8\u6001\u56fe\u6846\u67b6\u91cc\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u968f\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u6a21\u578b\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u63d2\u5165\u65b0\u5f20\u91cf\u3001\u8c03\u7528<code>.backward()<\/code>\uff1b\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5219\u6309\u9700\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\u3002Tech-Renaissance\u65e2\u7136\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u9759\u6001\u56fe\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u524d\u628a\u6240\u6709\u4e1c\u897f\u786e\u5b9a\u4e0b\u6765\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u6846\u67b6\u5728<code>include\/renaissance\/core\/types.h<\/code>\u91cc\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u786e\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u673a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"cpp\" data-enlighter-theme=\"dracula\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">enum class Phase : uint8_t { PLANNING, MEMORY_LOCKED, COMPILED };<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u6846\u67b6\u4ece&#8221;\u914d\u7f6e&#8221;\u5230&#8221;\u51bb\u7ed3&#8221;\u518d\u5230&#8221;\u8fd0\u884c&#8221;\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u9636\u6bb5\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ea\u80fd\u5355\u5411\u63a8\u8fdb\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728<strong>PLANNING<\/strong>\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u914d\u7f6e\u4e00\u5207\uff1a\u6a21\u578b\u7ed3\u6784\uff08BluePrint\uff09\u3001\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u4f18\u5316\u5668\u3001\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u3001\u8bad\u7ec3epoch\u6570\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u9891\u7387\u3001\u65e9\u505c\u9608\u503c\u7b49\u3002\u6846\u67b6\u5185\u90e8\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528<code>alloc()<\/code>\u5728MemoryPlan\u4e2d\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u3001\u4e34\u65f6\u5f20\u91cf\u9884\u7559\u69fd\u4f4d\u3002\u6b64\u9636\u6bb5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528\u7684API\u662f\u53d7\u9650\u7684\uff1a\u53ea\u80fd\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u6267\u884c\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u8bd5\u56fe\u5728PLANNING\u9636\u6bb5\u4e4b\u5916\u4fee\u6539\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u8c03\u7528<code>finalize_memory()<\/code>\u540e\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165<strong>MEMORY_LOCKED<\/strong>\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u6240\u6709\u5f20\u91cf\u7684offset\u548c\u5927\u5c0f\u90fd\u88ab\u56fa\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\u3002\u968f\u540e<code>compile()<\/code>\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u6846\u67b6\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\uff1a<code>ArchPlan::from_blueprint()<\/code>\u5c06BluePrint\u5c55\u5f00\u4e3a\u5c42\u5e8f\u5217\u2192<code>ArchPlan::build()<\/code>\u6267\u884c10\u6b65\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u4e0e\u878d\u5408\u53d8\u6362\u2192<code>Compiler::compile()<\/code>\u4e94\u9636\u6bb5\u7f16\u8bd1\u2192<code>MemoryPlan::finalize()<\/code>\u9501\u5b9a\u6240\u6709DTensor\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u2192<code>GraphAtlas::build()<\/code>\u586b\u51456\u53d8\u4f53\u00d733\u69fd\u4f4d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u8868\u2192CUDA Graph\u6355\u83b7\u5f00\u59cb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6355\u83b7\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6846\u67b6\u8fdb\u5165<strong>COMPILED<\/strong>\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u6240\u6709\u56fe\u90fd\u5df2\u56fa\u5316\uff0c<code>run()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u6846\u67b6\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u6309\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f\u901a\u8fc7<code>cudaGraphLaunch<\/code>\u63d0\u4ea4\u5b50\u56fe\u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u671f\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u4efb\u4f55CUDA kernel\u7684\u5355\u4e2alaunch\u3001\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u663e\u5b58\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\u3001\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u4efb\u4f55Python\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u673a\u4e0d\u662f\u88c5\u9970\u6027\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u9632\u6b62\u4e86&#8221;\u8fd0\u884c\u671f\u5077\u5077malloc\u4e00\u5757\u663e\u5b58&#8221;\u6216&#8221;\u4e34\u65f6\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u5f20\u65b0\u56fe&#8221;\u8fd9\u7c7b\u4f1a\u7834\u574fCUDA Graph\u5730\u5740\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5bf9Tech-Renaissance\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c<strong>\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u786e\u5b9a\u4e00\u5207<\/strong>\u4e0d\u662f\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531\u72b6\u6001\u673a\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7ea6\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56db\u3001\u4e00\u6761\u6837\u672c\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u65c5\u7a0b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6709\u4e86\u6a21\u5757\u5730\u56fe\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u673a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ddf\u7740\u4e00\u6761MNIST\u6837\u672c\u8d70\u4e00\u904d\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u6765\u81ea<code>tests\/example\/mlp_mnist.cpp<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"cpp\" data-enlighter-theme=\"dracula\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#include \"renaissance.h\"\nusing namespace tr;\n\nint main() {\n    GLOBAL_SETTING\n        .use_gpu(\"0\")\n        .amp(true)\n        .manual_seed(123)\n        .global_batch_size(200)\n        .input_resolution(28);\n\n    PREPROCESSOR_SETTING\n        .dataset(\"mnist\", std::string(TR_PROJECT_ROOT) + \"\/data\/mnist\")\n        .download(true)\n        .preprocess_workers(8)\n        .normalization(NormMode::MNIST)\n        .train_transforms(\n            Pad(2), RandomCrop(28), RandomRotation(20.0f, 0),\n            RandomScale(0.8f, 1.2f), RandomErasing(0.5f))\n        .commit();\n\n    BluePrint mlp = seq(\n        fc(1024, true), relu(),\n        fc(512, true), relu(),\n        fc(256, true), relu(),\n        fc(10, true)\n    );\n\n    DeepLearningTask task;\n    task.model(mlp)\n        .loss(CrossEntropyLoss().label_smoothing(0.1f))\n        .total_epochs(100)\n        .optimizer(AdamW().weight_decay(1e-4f))\n        .scheduler(CosineAnnealingLR().base_lr(0.001f).warmup(5));\n\n    task.compile();\n    auto result = task.run();\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u51e0\u5341\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u80cc\u540e\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u6837\u672c\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u5230\u6307\u6807\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u65c5\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.1 \u914d\u7f6e\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u4e00\u5207\u5728PLANNING\u9636\u6bb5\u5b8c\u6210<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>GLOBAL_SETTING<\/code>\u8fdb\u5165<code>GlobalRegistry<\/code>\uff0c\u628aGPU\u9009\u62e9\u3001AMP\u5f00\u5173\u3001\u968f\u673a\u79cd\u5b50\u3001\u5168\u5c40batch size\u3001\u8f93\u5165\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u7b49\u5168\u5c40\u53c2\u6570\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e0b\u6765\u3002<code>PREPROCESSOR_SETTING<\/code>\u8fdb\u5165<code>Preprocessor<\/code>\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u8def\u5f84\u3001worker\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u8bad\u7ec3\u589e\u5f3a\u53d8\u6362\u3002<code>BluePrint<\/code>\u8fdb\u5165Graph\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u628a\u6a21\u578b\u63cf\u8ff0\u6210\u4e00\u68f5Layer\u6811\u3002<code>DeepLearningTask<\/code>\u7684\u94fe\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528\u5219\u628a\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u635f\u5931\u3001\u4f18\u5316\u5668\u3001\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5168\u90e8\u53d1\u751f\u5728<strong>PLANNING<\/strong>\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u5206\u914dGPU\u663e\u5b58\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5f20\u91cf\u53ea\u662fMemoryPlan\u91cc\u7684\u5f85\u5206\u914d\u69fd\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.2 \u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e0e\u9884\u5904\u7406\uff1aData\u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f53<code>task.run()<\/code>\u5f00\u59cb\u6267\u884cepoch\u5faa\u73af\u65f6\uff0cData\u6a21\u5757\u5f00\u59cb\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<code>DataLoader::get_next_sample()<\/code>\u4eceDTS\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u6216RAW\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u59cb\u6837\u672c\u3002<code>Preprocessor<\/code>\u7684\u6301\u4e45worker\u6c60\u6309\u7167\u9884\u5148\u5206\u914d\u7684\u9759\u6001\u987a\u5e8f\u9886\u53d6\u6837\u672c\u2014\u2014\u6bcf\u4e2aWorker\u8d1f\u8d23\u56fa\u5b9a\u95f4\u9694\u7684\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u96f6\u7ade\u4e89\u5e76\u53d1\u2014\u2014\u4f9d\u6b21\u6267\u884c<code>Pad<\/code>\u3001<code>RandomCrop<\/code>\u3001<code>RandomRotation<\/code>\u3001<code>RandomScale<\/code>\u3001<code>RandomErasing<\/code>\u7b49\u589e\u5f3a\u3002\u968f\u540e<code>FusedNormalization<\/code>\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u6ce8\u5165\uff0c\u628auint8\u2192float\/FP16\u3001\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u3001\u968f\u673a\u6c34\u5e73\u7ffb\u8f6c\u3001\u968f\u673a\u64e6\u9664\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u878d\u5408\u6210\u5355\u6b21\u5185\u5b58\u904d\u5386\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u968f\u673a\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528Core\u6a21\u5757\u7684Philox\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u5f0fRNG\u3002\u7531\u4e8ePhilox\u662f\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u4efb\u610foffset\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5f00200\u591a\u4e2a\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ea\u8981seed\u56fa\u5b9a\uff0c\u6837\u672c\u589e\u5f3a\u7ed3\u679c\u4ecd\u7136\u5b57\u8282\u7ea7\u53ef\u590d\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.3 H2D\u4f20\u8f93\uff1aTransferStation\u4e0eA\/B\u53cc\u7f13\u51b2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9884\u5904\u7406\u597d\u7684\u6837\u672c\u88ab\u5199\u5165<code>TransferStation<\/code>\u7684A\/B\u53cc\u7f13\u51b2\u4e3b\u673a\u4fa7\u69fd\u4f4d\u3002<code>TransferStation<\/code>\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e24\u5757\u9501\u9875\u5185\u5b58\uff08pinned memory\uff09\uff0c\u5f53\u4e00\u5757\u88abCPU worker\u586b\u6ee1\u540e\uff0c\u6846\u67b6\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u4e00\u6b21\u5f02\u6b65H2D\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u628a\u6570\u636e\u642c\u5230GPU\u8f93\u5165\u533a<code>I_A_DATA<\/code>\u6216<code>I_B_DATA<\/code>\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0cGPU\u6b63\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0a\u4e00\u6279\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f20\u8f93\u4e0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u91cd\u53e0\uff0cCPU\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u7b49\u5f85GPU\u800c\u7a7a\u8f6c\uff0cGPU\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u7b49\u5f85\u6570\u636e\u800c&#8221;\u6328\u997f&#8221;\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u5165GPU\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u5f20\u91cf\u90fd\u662f<strong>NHWC\u5e03\u5c40\u3001256\u5b57\u8282\u5bf9\u9f50<\/strong>\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u5728<code>types.h<\/code>\u548c<code>distributed_tensor.h<\/code>\u4e2d\u7531<code>utils::align_up_256<\/code>\u548c<code>DTensor<\/code>\u7684stride\u8ba1\u7b97\u5171\u540c\u4fdd\u8bc1\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97cuDNN\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u6700\u4f18\u6a21\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.4 \u7f16\u8bd1\uff1a\u4eceBluePrint\u5230\u53ef\u6267\u884cCUDA Graph<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728<code>task.compile()<\/code>\u5185\u90e8\uff0c<code>DeepLearningTask::on_prepare()<\/code>\u9a71\u52a8Graph\u6a21\u5757\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u6b21\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>ArchPlan::from_blueprint()<\/code>\u628aBluePrint\u5c55\u5f00\u6210<code>ArchLayer<\/code>\u5e8f\u5217\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>ArchPlan::build()<\/code>\u6267\u884c10\u6b65\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u4e0e\u878d\u5408\u53d8\u6362\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u628a<code>cbr()<\/code>\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3aConv+BN+ReLU\u878d\u5408\u5355\u5143\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>Compiler::compile()<\/code>\u4e94\u9636\u6bb5\u7f16\u8bd1\uff1a\u5bf96\u4e2a\u53d8\u4f53\u505a\u5f62\u72b6\u63a8\u5bfc\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u6700\u5927\u69fd\u4f4d\u3001\u751f\u62106\u4e2aMemoryPlan\u3001\u6784\u5efa\u8bad\u7ec3\/\u63a8\u7406ComputationGraph\u3001\u5bf9shape-only\u53d8\u4f53\u505a\u56fe\u5171\u4eab\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>GraphAtlas::build()<\/code>\u5efa\u7acb6\u53d8\u4f53\u00d733\u5b50\u56fe\u7684O(1)\u7d22\u5f15\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>pre_capture()<\/code>\u628a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u56fe\u6355\u83b7\u6210<code>CapturedGraph<\/code>\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u4e3a<code>cudaGraphExec_t<\/code>\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>GraphExecutor<\/code>\u62ff\u5230\u6355\u83b7\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u671f\u6309<code>GraphId<\/code>\u8c03\u5ea6\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c<strong>\u6240\u6709\u5f20\u91cf\u7684offset\u3001\u6240\u6709kernel\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u3001\u6240\u6709\u6d41\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u786e\u5b9a<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u671f\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981<code>cudaMalloc<\/code>\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u52a8\u6001\u56fe\u8c03\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.5 \u8bad\u7ec3\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1aGraphExecutor\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u8c03\u5ea6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u6761\u6837\u672c\u771f\u6b63\u53c2\u4e0e\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u662f\u5728<code>GraphExecutor::run_train_step()<\/code>\u4e2d\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f<code>src\/backend\/graph_executor.cpp<\/code>\u91cc\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8c03\u5ea6\u903b\u8f91\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"cpp\" data-enlighter-theme=\"dracula\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">void GraphExecutor::run_train_step() {\n    update_lr_scalar();\n\n    GraphId xfer_gid      = ab_toggle_ ? GraphId::TRANSFER_A : GraphId::TRANSFER_B;\n    GraphId first_fwd_gid = ab_toggle_ ? GraphId::FIRST_LAYER_FWD_A : GraphId::FIRST_LAYER_FWD_B;\n\n    launch(xfer_gid);                    \/\/ 1. H2D\u4f20\u8f93\n    launch(GraphId::ZERO_GRAD);          \/\/ 2. \u68af\u5ea6\u533a\u6e05\u96f6\n    launch(first_fwd_gid);               \/\/ 3. \u9996\u5c42\u524d\u5411\n\n    GraphId next_xfer = ab_toggle_ ? GraphId::TRANSFER_B : GraphId::TRANSFER_A;\n    launch_dual(next_xfer, GraphId::DEEP_FWD_BWD); \/\/ 4. \u4e0b\u4e00batch\u4f20\u8f93 + \u6df1\u5c42\u524d\u5411\u53cd\u5411 \u5e76\u884c\n    sync_all();\n\n    if (!skip_first_bwd_) {\n        launch(GraphId::FIRST_LAYER_BWD_A); \/\/ 5. \u9996\u5c42\u53cd\u5411\n    }\n    sync_all();\n\n    launch(GraphId::CAST_DEEP_GRAD_FP16_TO_FP32);  \/\/ 6. AMP\u68af\u5ea6\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\n    launch(GraphId::DEEP_COMM);                    \/\/ 7. \u6df1\u5c42\u68af\u5ea6AllReduce\n    sync_all();\n\n    launch(GraphId::CAST_FIRST_GRAD_FP16_TO_FP32);\n    if (!skip_first_bwd_) {\n        launch(GraphId::FIRST_COMM);               \/\/ 8. \u9996\u5c42\u68af\u5ea6AllReduce\n    }\n\n    launch(GraphId::NAN_CHECK_AND_GRAD_SCALING);   \/\/ 9. NaN\u68c0\u67e5 + \u68af\u5ea6\u7f29\u653e\n    launch(GraphId::STATS_COMM);                   \/\/ 10. BN\u7edf\u8ba1\u91cf\u540c\u6b65\n    launch(GraphId::UPDATE_STATS);                 \/\/ 11. BN\u7edf\u8ba1\u91cf\u63a8\u8fdb\n\n    if (!check_nan_flag()) {\n        launch(GraphId::OPTIMIZER);                \/\/ 12. \u4f18\u5316\u5668\u66f4\u65b0\n        launch(GraphId::EMA_UPDATE);               \/\/ 13. EMA\u66f4\u65b0\n    }\n\n    launch_dual(GraphId::CAST_MAIN_FP32_TO_FP16,\n                GraphId::CAST_EMA_FP32_TO_FP16);   \/\/ 14. \u6743\u91cdFP32\u2192FP16\n    sync_all();\n\n    toggle_ab();                                    \/\/ 15. \u5207\u6362A\/B\u7f13\u51b2\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u628a\u4e00\u6b21\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5173\u952e\u9636\u6bb5\u90fd\u4e32\u4e86\u8d77\u6765\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>H2D\u4f20\u8f93<\/strong>\uff08<code>TRANSFER_A\/B<\/code>\uff09\u628a\u4e0b\u4e00batch\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4eceCPU\u642c\u5230GPU\uff0c\u5728TRANS\u6d41\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>ZERO_GRAD<\/strong>\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u628a\u68af\u5ea6\u533a\u6e05\u96f6\u2014\u2014\u5f97\u76ca\u4e8eMemoryPlan\u7684\u8bed\u4e49\u5206\u533a\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u68af\u5ea6\u533a\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u4e00\u5757\u663e\u5b58\uff0c\u6e05\u96f6\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ea\u9700\u4e00\u6b21kernel\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u9010\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u9010\u5c42\u5730\u5206\u6563\u6e05\u96f6\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u9996\u5c42\u524d\u5411<\/strong>\uff08<code>FIRST_LAYER_FWD_*<\/code>\uff09\u4e0e<strong>\u6df1\u5c42\u524d\u53cd\u5411<\/strong>\uff08<code>DEEP_FWD_BWD<\/code>\uff09\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u9996\u5c42\u5377\u79ef\u5f80\u5f80\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u3001\u68af\u5ea6\u901a\u4fe1\u505a\u7279\u6b8a\u8c03\u5ea6\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u53cc\u56fe\u5e76\u884c<\/strong>\uff08<code>launch_dual<\/code>\uff09\u8ba9\u4e0b\u4e00batch\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u4e0e\u5f53\u524dbatch\u7684\u6df1\u5c42\u8ba1\u7b97\u540c\u65f6\u8dd1\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6d41\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f20\u8f93\u4e0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u91cd\u53e0\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>CAST<\/strong>\u9636\u6bb5\u628aFP16\u68af\u5ea6\u8f6c\u6210FP32\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4f18\u5316\u5668\u5728FP32\u4e3b\u6743\u91cd\u4e0a\u66f4\u65b0\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>COMM<\/strong>\u9636\u6bb5\u901a\u8fc7NCCL\u505aAllReduce\uff0c\u540c\u6b65\u591a\u5361\u68af\u5ea6\uff0c\u5728UPDATE\u6d41\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>NAN_CHECK_AND_GRAD_SCALING<\/strong>\u505aAMP\u7684NaN\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e0e\u68af\u5ea6\u7f29\u653e\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>STATS_COMM<\/strong>\u4e0e<strong>UPDATE_STATS<\/strong>\u8d1f\u8d23BN\u7edf\u8ba1\u91cf\u7684\u8de8\u5361\u540c\u6b65\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u63a8\u8fdb\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>OPTIMIZER<\/strong>\u9636\u6bb5\u6839\u636e\u914d\u7f6e\u8c03\u5ea6SGD \/ Adam \/ AdamW \/ LARS\u7b49\u878d\u5408\u66f4\u65b0\u7b97\u5b50\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6700\u540e<strong>CAST_MAIN_FP32_TO_FP16<\/strong>\u628a\u66f4\u65b0\u540e\u7684FP32\u6743\u91cd\u62f7\u56deFP16\u8ba1\u7b97\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u5e76\u5207\u6362A\/B\u7f13\u51b2\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e94\u4e2aCUDA\u6d41\uff08TRANS\u3001COMP_1\u3001COMP_2\u3001COMP_3\u3001UPDATE\uff09\u5404\u81ea\u8dd1\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u961f\u5217\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u5173\u7cfb\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u901a\u8fc7\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff08event\uff09\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u56fe\u4e2d\u3002CPU\u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u6309\u987a\u5e8f<code>launch<\/code>\u5df2\u7ecf\u6355\u83b7\u597d\u7684CUDA Graph\uff1b\u771f\u6b63\u7684GPU\u5de5\u4f5c\u7531<code>cudaGraphLaunch<\/code>\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u63d0\u4ea4\u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u671f\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7b49\u5f85\u6216\u6d41\u540c\u6b65\u2014\u2014\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fde&#8221;\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u7b49\u8c01&#8221;\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u6b63\u662fTech-Renaissance\u80fd\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u541e\u5410\u4e0a\u660e\u663e\u9886\u5148\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.6 \u6307\u6807\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a\u4eceR_RESULT\u5230\u5c4f\u5e55<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570\uff08<code>SOFTMAX_CE_AMP_FWD\/BWD<\/code>\uff09\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u88ab\u5199\u5230<code>R_RESULT<\/code>\u533a\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2abatch\u7684loss\u3001top1\u6b63\u786e\u6570\u3001top5\u6b63\u786e\u6570\u518d\u7d2f\u52a0\u5230<code>R_RESULT_ACCUMULATED<\/code>\u3002\u4e00\u4e2aepoch\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\uff0c<code>DeepLearningTask<\/code>\u4ecerank 0\u53d6\u56de\u7d2f\u79ef\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u9664\u4ee5\u6837\u672c\u6570\uff0c\u5f97\u5230epoch loss\u548c\u51c6\u786e\u7387\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u6253\u5370\u5230\u5c4f\u5e55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e94\u3001\u65c5\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5370\u8bb0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8d70\u5b8c\u8fd9\u6761\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u51e0\u4e2a\u8d2f\u7a7f\u59cb\u7ec8\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9009\u62e9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>DTensor\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5bb9\u5668<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b83\u4e0d\u6301\u6709\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u53ea\u63cf\u8ff0<code>(region, offset, shape, stride)<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u8ba9\u540c\u4e00\u5f20MemoryPlan\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u591a\u5361\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\uff0c\u4e5f\u8ba9\u8de8\u53d8\u4f53\u7684\u56fe\u590d\u7528\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>68-Region\u663e\u5b58\u5e03\u5c40\uff08\u542b\u54e8\u5175\u5171 69 \u4e2a\u69fd\u4f4d\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u663e\u5b58\u6309\u8bed\u4e49\u5206\u533a\u9759\u6001\u89c4\u5212\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4e0d\u518d<code>cudaMalloc<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u6d88\u9664\u4e86\u5206\u914d\u5ef6\u8fdf\u548c\u788e\u7247\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3aCUDA Graph\u5168\u6355\u83b7\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5730\u5740\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u591a\u6d41\u5e76\u53d1<\/strong>\uff1aTRANS \/ COMP_1 \/ COMP_2 \/ COMP_3 \/ UPDATE\u4e94\u6761\u975e\u963b\u585e\u6d41\u5206\u5de5\u660e\u786e\uff0c\u4f20\u8f93\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u3001\u901a\u4fe1\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u91cd\u53e0\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>CUDA Graph\u5168\u6355\u83b7<\/strong>\uff1a\u4eceH2D\u4f20\u8f93\u5230\u4f18\u5316\u5668\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u73af\u8282\u90fd\u88ab\u6355\u83b7\u6210\u53ef\u91cd\u653e\u7684\u56fe\uff0cCPU\u6d3e\u53d1\u5f00\u9500\u88ab\u538b\u5230\u6781\u4f4e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u53ef\u590d\u73b0\u6027<\/strong>\uff1aPhilox RNG + \u9759\u6001\u56fe + \u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u5f15\u64ce\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u8ba9\u540c\u4e00\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u591a\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u5b57\u8282\u7ea7\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u662f\u5b64\u7acb\u7684\u6280\u672f\u70b9\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u6761\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e3b\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4fa7\u9762\uff1a<strong>\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u5730\u786e\u5b9a\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u671f\u53ea\u505a\u6700\u5c11\u7684\u4e8b<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u516d\u3001\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u6587\u6ca1\u6709\u6df1\u5165\u4efb\u4f55\u5355\u4e00\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5148\u7528\u4e03\u5927\u6a21\u5757\u7ed9\u4f60\u4e00\u5f20Tech-Renaissance\u7684&#8221;\u884c\u653f\u533a\u5212\u56fe&#8221;\uff0c\u518d\u7528\u4e00\u6761\u6837\u672c\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u65c5\u7a0b\u7ed9\u4f60\u4e00\u6761&#8221;\u4ea4\u901a\u8def\u7ebf\u56fe&#8221;\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u4e03\u5927\u6a21\u5757\u770b\u4f5c\u4e03\u6761\u7ebf\u8def\uff0c33\u4e2aGraphId\u662f\u7ad9\u70b9\uff08\u4ece<code>TRANSFER_A<\/code>\u5230<code>UPDATE_BN_INF_PARAMS<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u4e94\u4e2a\u6d41\u662f\u8f68\u9053\uff0c\u4e09\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u662f\u884c\u8f66\u65f6\u523b\u8868\uff0c\u4e00\u6761\u6837\u672c\u7684\u65c5\u7a0b\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u8d9f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5217\u8f66\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u4f60\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u540e\u9762\u7684\u4e13\u9898\u6587\u7ae0\u2014\u2014MemoryPlan\u3001DTensor\u3001CUDA Graph\u3001\u591a\u6d41\u67b6\u6784\u3001FusedNormalization\u3001CBR\u878d\u5408\u3001NCCL\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u2014\u2014\u90fd\u80fd\u5728\u8fd9\u4e24\u5f20\u56fe\u4e0a\u627e\u5230\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u628a\u955c\u5934\u62c9\u8fd1\u5230\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u7684&#8221;\u7816\u5757&#8221;\uff1a\u5f20\u91cf\u3002\u8bb2\u8bb2Tech-Renaissance\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u575a\u6301NHWC\u5e03\u5c40\u3001\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u6c42256\u5b57\u8282\u5bf9\u9f50\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca<code>DTensor<\/code>\u8fd9\u4e2a&#8221;\u7eaf\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26&#8221;\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5230\u5e95\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u2014\u2014\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7528AI\u5982\u4f55\u5199\u51fa\u6bd4PyTorch\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u81ea\u7814\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6846\u67b6\u201d\u7cfb\u5217\u6587\u7ae0\u4e4b\u516d \u672c\u6587\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u4e00\u5f20Tech-Ren [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":670,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-container-style":"default","site-container-layout":"default","site-sidebar-layout":"default","disable-article-header":"default","disable-site-header":"default","disable-site-footer":"default","disable-content-area-spacing":"default","footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-455","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-15"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tech-renaissance.cn\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/455","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tech-renaissance.cn\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tech-renaissance.cn\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tech-renaissance.cn\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tech-renaissance.cn\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=455"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/tech-renaissance.cn\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/455\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":648,"href":"https:\/\/tech-renaissance.cn\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/455\/revisions\/648"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tech-renaissance.cn\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/670"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tech-renaissance.cn\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=455"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tech-renaissance.cn\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=455"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tech-renaissance.cn\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=455"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}