{"id":475,"date":"2026-07-08T02:57:48","date_gmt":"2026-07-07T18:57:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tech-renaissance.cn\/blog\/?p=475"},"modified":"2026-07-08T16:43:21","modified_gmt":"2026-07-08T08:43:21","slug":"dts%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e6%a0%bc%e5%bc%8f%ef%bc%9a%e4%b8%ba%e9%ab%98%e9%80%9f%e8%ae%ad%e7%bb%83%e5%ae%9a%e5%88%b6%e7%9a%84%e5%ad%98%e5%82%a8%e6%96%b9%e6%a1%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tech-renaissance.cn\/blog\/index.php\/2026\/07\/08\/475\/","title":{"rendered":"(9) DTS\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a\u4e3a\u9ad8\u901f\u8bad\u7ec3\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u6848"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2014\u2014\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7528AI\u5982\u4f55\u5199\u51fa\u6bd4PyTorch\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u81ea\u7814\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6846\u67b6\u201d\u7cfb\u5217\u6587\u7ae0\u4e4b\u4e5d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\u6211\u4eec\u8bb2\u4e86 Tech-Renaissance \u7684\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u8f7d\u7ba1\u7ebf\u62bd\u8c61\uff1a\u65e0\u8bba\u662f MNIST\u3001CIFAR \u8fd8\u662f ImageNet\uff0c\u6846\u67b6\u90fd\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u5957 <code>DataLoader<\/code> + <code>Preprocessor<\/code> + <code>TransferStation<\/code> \u63a5\u53e3\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u4e32\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u90a3\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4fa7\u91cd\u7684\u662f\u201c\u63a5\u53e3\u957f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7bc7\u6211\u4eec\u5f80\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c42\u94bb\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u6570\u636e\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u5b58\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u8fdc\u4e0d\u5982 CUDA Graph \u6216\u7b97\u5b50\u878d\u5408\u90a3\u4e48\u8000\u773c\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u771f\u628a\u8bad\u7ec3\u541e\u5410\u5f53\u56de\u4e8b\uff0c\u5b83\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u9053\u5173\u5361\u3002\u9053\u7406\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff1aGPU \u7b97\u5f97\u518d\u5feb\uff0c\u5982\u679c CPU \u5582\u6570\u636e\u8ddf\u4e0d\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u53ea\u80fd\u7a7a\u8f6c\u3002\u800c\u5728 ImageNet \u8fd9\u79cd\u767e\u4e07\u7ea7\u5c0f\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0a\uff0c\u201c\u5582\u6570\u636e\u201d\u7684\u74f6\u9888\u5e38\u5e38\u4e0d\u5728\u89e3\u7801\u3001\u4e0d\u5728\u9884\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u800c\u5728<strong>\u78c1\u76d8\u600e\u4e48\u8bfb<\/strong>\u3002\u8bfb\u4e00\u767e\u4e07\u4e2a JPEG \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u548c\u8bfb\u51e0\u4e2a\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u653e\u7684\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u4e24\u56de\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tech-Renaissance \u4e3a\u6b64\u81ea\u7814\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u540d\u4e3a <strong>DTS<\/strong> \u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u683c\u5f0f\u3002DTS \u4e0d\u662f\u901a\u7528\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u67d0\u4e2a\u6d41\u884c\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u5c01\u88c5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e13\u95e8\u4e3a\u6846\u67b6\u7684 NHWC \u8bad\u7ec3\u7ba1\u7ebf\u3001\u53cc\u7f13\u51b2\u52a0\u8f7d\u3001CUDA Graph \u5168\u6355\u83b7\u91cf\u8eab\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u6982\u62ec\u6210\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\uff1a<strong>\u5728\u5bfc\u51fa\u9636\u6bb5\u7528\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u5e03\u5c40\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u6362\u53d6\u8bad\u7ec3\u9636\u6bb5\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u9ad8\u5e26\u5bbd\u3001\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3001\u96f6\u7ade\u4e89\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u9053\u6027\u80fd\u5173\u5361<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.1 \u6570\u636e\u9965\u997f\uff1aGPU \u5728\u7b49 CPU<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e00\u4e2a\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u8981\u7ecf\u5386\u7684\u94fe\u8def\u5927\u81f4\u662f\uff1a\u78c1\u76d8 \u2192 \u5185\u5b58 \u2192 CPU \u9884\u5904\u7406 \u2192 \u9501\u9875\u5185\u5b58 \u2192 GPU \u663e\u5b58 \u2192 \u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u8fd9\u6761\u94fe\u8def\u4e0a\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u73af\u843d\u540e\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u74f6\u9888\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e CNN \u56fe\u50cf\u5206\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5f53\u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u5927\u3001batch \u4e0d\u5c0f\u3001GPU \u5f88\u5f3a\u65f6\uff0c\u94fe\u8def\u91cc\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u843d\u540e\u7684\u5f80\u5f80\u662f<strong>\u78c1\u76d8\u8bfb\u53d6 + \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u9500<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5 ImageNet \u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u7ea6 128 \u4e07\u5f20 JPEG\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u51e0\u5341\u5230\u51e0\u767e KB \u4e00\u5f20\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7528 PyTorch \u5e38\u89c1\u7684 <code>ImageFolder<\/code> + <code>DataLoader<\/code> \u65b9\u5f0f\u53bb\u8bfb\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a worker \u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u8981\u53d1\u8d77\u4e00\u6b21\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\uff1a\u5b9a\u4f4d\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3001\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u3002128 \u4e07\u6b21\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u591a\u4e2a epoch \u91cc\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5143\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u603b\u91cf\u975e\u5e38\u53ef\u89c2\u3002\u673a\u68b0\u786c\u76d8\u4e0a\u968f\u673a\u5c0f\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684 IOPS \u5f88\u4f4e\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f SSD\uff0c\u767e\u4e07\u6b21 open\/close \u4e5f\u7edd\u4e0d\u662f\u514d\u8d39\u5348\u9910\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5e38\u8bf4\u7684\u201c\u6570\u636e\u9965\u997f\u201d\uff08Data Starvation\uff09\uff1aGPU \u7b97\u5b8c\u4e00\u4e2a batch \u53ea\u8981\u51e0\u5341\u6beb\u79d2\uff0cCPU \u5374\u8981\u51e0\u767e\u6beb\u79d2\u624d\u80fd\u628a\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a batch \u7684\u56fe\u7247\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u635e\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.2 \u4e3b\u6d41\u65b9\u6848\u5404\u6709\u5229\u5f0a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e1a\u754c\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6c89\u6dc0\u51fa\u51e0\u79cd\u5178\u578b\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u4ef6\u5939 + \u72ec\u7acb JPEG<\/strong>\uff1a\u6700\u76f4\u89c2\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u6301\u539f\u6837\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u90fd\u770b\u5f97\u61c2\u3002\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u5927\u91cf\u5c0f\u6587\u4ef6\u968f\u673a IO\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u538b\u529b\u5927\uff1b<code>num_workers<\/code> \u5f00\u5f97\u518d\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab inode \u67e5\u627e\u548c\u968f\u673a seek \u62d6\u4f4f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>LMDB<\/strong>\uff1a\u628a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6253\u5305\u8fdb\u4e00\u4e2a memory-mapped \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u5355\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u53ef mmap\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6\u5feb\uff1b\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u5bf9 Windows \u652f\u6301\u4e0d\u591f\u539f\u751f\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u5165\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6bd4\u8f83\u91cd\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5b83\u7684\u952e\u503c\u8bed\u4e49\u6bd4\u8f83\u901a\u7528\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u8bad\u7ec3\u7ba1\u7ebf\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u4e13\u95e8\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>TFRecord<\/strong>\uff1aTensorFlow \u751f\u6001\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8bb0\u5f55\u5bb9\u5668\u3002TFRecord \u672c\u8eab\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e26\u957f\u5ea6\u548c CRC \u7684 record framing \u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e2d\u5e38\u628a\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u540e\u7684 <code>tf.train.Example<\/code> \/ <code>SequenceExample<\/code>\uff08Protocol Buffer\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a payload \u5b58\u8fdb\u53bb\u3002\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u987a\u5e8f\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c <code>tf.data<\/code> \u96c6\u6210\u6210\u719f\uff1b\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528 protobuf payload\uff0c\u4f1a\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u8de8\u6846\u67b6\u4f7f\u7528\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5982\u539f\u59cb\u56fe\u7247\u6216\u7b80\u5355\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u683c\u5f0f\u76f4\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>WebDataset<\/strong>\uff1a\u628a\u6837\u672c\u6253\u5305\u6210 tar \u5f52\u6863\uff0c\u56fe\u7247\u3001\u6807\u7b7e\u4f5c\u4e3a tar \u91cc\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u5929\u7136\u9002\u5408\u6d41\u5f0f\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u4e91\u5b58\u50a8\uff1b\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f tar \u683c\u5f0f\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u626b\u63cf\uff0c\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c shuffle \u9700\u8981\u505a\u989d\u5916\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0b worker \u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6570\u636e\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>FFCV \u7684 .beton<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u5bf9 ImageNet \u8bad\u7ec3\u63d0\u901f\u5f71\u54cd\u6700\u5927\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002FFCV \u628a\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u5199\u6210\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684 <code>.beton<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6309\u56fa\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684 page \u7ec4\u7ec7\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9 JPEG \u7f16\u7801\u3001\u539f\u59cb\u50cf\u7d20\u6216\u6df7\u5408\u7f16\u7801\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6d1e\u5bdf\u662f\uff1a<strong>\u628a\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u8981\u8bfb\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u6392\u5f97\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u7d27\u5bc6\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u5927 IO \u8bfb\u591a\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5143\u6570\u636e\u5f00\u9500\u548c\u968f\u673a seek\u3002<\/strong> Tech-Renaissance \u7684 DTS \u5728 ImageNet \u5236\u4f5c\u7b56\u7565\u4e0a\u5bf9\u6807\u4e86 FFCV \u7684\u601d\u8def\uff1a\u63d0\u524d\u505a\u7f29\u653e\u3001\u538b\u7f29\u3001\u5206\u5757\uff0c\u8ba9\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u7684 IO \u5e26\u5bbd\u63a5\u8fd1\u987a\u5e8f\u8bfb\u53d6\u5cf0\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6848\u5404\u6709\u821e\u53f0\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u7528\u683c\u5f0f\u603b\u8981\u8003\u8651\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u3001\u751f\u6001\u3001\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u3002Tech-Renaissance \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u7814\u8bad\u7ec3\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5386\u53f2\u5305\u88b1\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u66f4\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u8def\uff1a<strong>\u4e3a\u81ea\u8eab\u8bad\u7ec3\u7ba1\u7ebf\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e13\u7528\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001DTS \u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u76ee\u6807<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u52a8\u624b\u5199\u683c\u5f0f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u628a DTS \u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5217\u6e05\u695a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u987a\u5e8f\u5927 IO \u66ff\u4ee3\u5c0f\u6587\u4ef6\u968f\u673a IO<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u4e0d\u5e94\u518d\u63a5\u89e6\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5143\u6570\u636e\uff0cIO \u5355\u5143\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5927\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u96f6\u62f7\u8d1d\u66b4\u9732\u6837\u672c<\/strong>\uff1a\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668\u8bfb\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u540e\uff0c\u5e94\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u6307\u9488\u4ea4\u7ed9\u9884\u5904\u7406\u5668\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916 malloc \u548c memcpy\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u591a\u7ea7\u538b\u7f29\u53ef\u9009<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u201c\u539f\u59cb\u753b\u8d28\u201d\u548c\u201c\u8bad\u7ec3\u901f\u5ea6\u201d\u4e4b\u95f4\u505a trade-off\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u53ef\u590d\u73b0\u7684 shuffle<\/strong>\uff1a\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5e76\u53d1\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e0d\u80fd\u7834\u574f\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u53ef\u590d\u73b0\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5185\u5b58\u7b56\u7565\u7075\u6d3b<\/strong>\uff1a\u5185\u5b58\u8db3\u591f\u65f6\u5168\u91cf\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\u65f6\u53cc\u7f13\u51b2\u5faa\u73af\u52a0\u8f7d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u6821\u9a8c<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u767e\u591a GB \u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u4f20\u8f93\u51fa\u9519\u8981\u80fd\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u539f\u751f<\/strong>\uff1aWindows \u548c Linux \u90fd\u8d70 Native API\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56 mmap \u6216\u7279\u5b9a\u5e93\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e03\u6761\u76ee\u6807\u8d2f\u7a7f\u4e86 DTS \u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u5934\u5230 Block \u5e03\u5c40\u3001\u4ece\u5bfc\u51fa\u811a\u672c\u5230 C++ \u52a0\u8f7d\u5668\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001DTS \u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u6784<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1 \u6587\u4ef6\u5934\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a 144 \u5b57\u8282\u7684\u201c\u8eab\u4efd\u8bc1\u201d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">DTS \u6587\u4ef6\u5934\u91c7\u7528 <code>#pragma pack(push, 1)<\/code> \u4e25\u683c\u6253\u5305\uff0c\u56fa\u5b9a 144 \u5b57\u8282\u3002\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"cpp\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ include\/renaissance\/data\/imagenet_loader_dts.h:57-91\n#pragma pack(push, 1)\nstruct DtsHeader {\n    char magic[4];          \/\/ \".DTS\"\n    uint8_t version[4];     \/\/ [3, 0, 0, 0]\n    char dataset_type[8];   \/\/ \"IMAGENET\" \/ \" CIFAR10\" \/ \"CIFAR100\" \/ \"   MNIST\"\n    uint32_t is_training;   \/\/ 0=val, 1=train\n    uint32_t compress_level;\n    uint32_t val_set_prep;\n    uint32_t num_classes;\n    char tensor_layout[4];  \/\/ \"NHWC\"\n    uint32_t image_width;\n    uint32_t image_height;\n    uint32_t num_channels;\n    char color_type[4];     \/\/ \" RGB\" \/ \"GRAY\"\n    uint32_t num_samples;\n    uint32_t num_volumes;\n    uint32_t volume_id;\n    uint32_t total_blocks;\n    uint32_t num_blocks;\n    uint64_t total_bytes;\n    uint32_t header_bytes;\n    uint64_t block_bytes;\n    uint32_t block_size;        \/\/ 16MB\n    uint32_t block_header_size; \/\/ LV0=4KB, LV123=16KB\n    uint32_t pic_alignment;     \/\/ 64\n    uint32_t max_pic_area;\n    uint32_t max_pic_per_block;\n    float compression_ratio;\n    float normalize_mean[3];\n    float normalize_std[3];\n    uint32_t crc_code;          \/\/ \u6570\u636e\u533a CRC-32\n};\n#pragma pack(pop)\nstatic_assert(sizeof(DtsHeader) == 144, \"DtsHeader must be exactly 144 bytes\");<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5934\u91cc\u85cf\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u8bad\u7ec3\/\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001\u538b\u7f29\u7ea7\u522b\u3001\u7c7b\u522b\u6570\u3001NHWC \u5e03\u5c40\u3001\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u5bf9\u9f50\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001CRC \u6821\u9a8c\u7801\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u5b83\u65e2\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u201c\u8eab\u4efd\u8bc1\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65f6\u552f\u4e00\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cDTS \u6587\u4ef6\u5934\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u7269\u7406\u5c3a\u5bf8\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>ImageNet<\/strong>\uff1a16 MB\uff08<code>IMAGENET_HEADER_SIZE<\/code>\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>MNIST\/CIFAR<\/strong>\uff1a256 \u5b57\u8282\uff08<code>CIFAR_MNIST_HEADER_SIZE<\/code>\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">MNIST \u548c CIFAR \u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5c0f\uff0c256 \u5b57\u8282\u8db3\u77e3\uff1bImageNet \u5934\u90e8\u6269\u5230 16 MB \u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9 Block \u4ece 16 MB \u5bf9\u9f50\u8fb9\u754c\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u5927\u5757\u9884\u8bfb\u548c\u540e\u7eed\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2 Block\uff1a16 MB \u7684\u56fa\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f IO \u5355\u5143<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">DTS \u628a\u6570\u636e\u6309\u56fa\u5b9a 16 MB \u7684 Block \u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002\u4ee5 ImageNet LV0\uff08\u65e0\u538b\u7f29\uff09\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a Block \u7684\u7269\u7406\u5e03\u5c40\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"cpp\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">[block_magic(4B)] [block_id(4B)] [num_pics(4B)]\n[offsets \u6570\u7ec4]    \/\/ \u6bcf\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u5728 Block \u5185\u7684\u504f\u79fb\n[sizes \u6570\u7ec4]      \/\/ \u6bcf\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\n[labels \u6570\u7ec4]     \/\/ \u6bcf\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\n[JPEG \u6570\u636e\u6d41 + 64B \u5bf9\u9f50\u586b\u5145]\n[\u96f6\u586b\u5145\u81f3 16 MB]<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>block_magic<\/code> \u662f 4 \u5b57\u8282\u9b54\u6570\uff1a<code>LV0B<\/code>\u3001<code>LV1B<\/code>\u3001<code>LV2B<\/code>\u3001<code>LV3B<\/code>\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\u56db\u4e2a\u538b\u7f29\u7ea7\u522b\u3002Block \u5934\u90e8\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5c3a\u5bf8\uff1aLV0 \u7528 4 KB\uff0cLV1~LV3 \u7528 16 KB\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u5355 Block \u5185\u6837\u672c\u6570\u4e0a\u9650\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56fa\u5b9a 16 MB \u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u987a\u5e8f\u8bfb\u53d6\u53cb\u597d<\/strong>\uff1a\u78c1\u76d8\/SSD \u5904\u7406\u5927\u987a\u5e8f\u5757\u7684\u541e\u5410\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5c0f\u968f\u673a\u8bfb\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u9759\u6001\u5206\u914d\u7b80\u5355<\/strong>\uff1a\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65f6\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u6bcf\u4e2a buffer \u9700\u8981\u591a\u5c11\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6839\u636e\u6837\u672c\u5927\u5c0f\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u65e0\u7ade\u4e89<\/strong>\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a IO worker \u8d1f\u8d23\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4 Block\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u9501\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u961f\u5217\u7ade\u4e89\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5 ImageNet LV0 \u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u4e2a Block \u88c5\u7ea6 146 \u5f20\u56fe\u7247\uff0c\u6700\u591a 177 \u5f20\uff1b\u7a7a\u95f4\u6d6a\u8d39\u63a7\u5236\u5728\u7ea6 0.08% \u5de6\u53f3\uff08\u4e0e 5.1 \u8282 13 KB \/ 16 MB \u53e3\u5f84\u4e00\u81f4\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.3 SlotMeta\uff1a\u96f6\u62f7\u8d1d\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6837\u672c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6bcf\u4e2a Block \u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u89e3\u6790\u6210 <code>SlotMeta<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"cpp\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ include\/renaissance\/data\/imagenet_loader_dts.h:97-107\nstruct SlotMeta {\n    uint32_t block_id = UINT32_MAX;\n    uint32_t num_samples = 0;\n    uint32_t offsets[MAX_SAMPLES_PER_BLOCK];  \/\/ \u6837\u672c\u5728 Block \u5185\u504f\u79fb\n    uint32_t sizes[MAX_SAMPLES_PER_BLOCK];    \/\/ \u6837\u672c\u5b57\u8282\u6570\n    int32_t  labels[MAX_SAMPLES_PER_BLOCK];   \/\/ \u6837\u672c\u6807\u7b7e\n};<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e <code>slot_idx * BLOCK_SIZE + offset<\/code> \u5c31\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u62ff\u5230\u6837\u672c\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6d41\u6307\u9488\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4ea4\u7ed9 <code>Preprocessor<\/code>\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u96f6\u62f7\u8d1d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"cpp\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ src\/data\/imagenet_loader_dts.cpp:1068-1075\nconst SlotMeta&amp; smeta = buffer_meta.slot_metas[slot_idx];\nlabel = smeta.labels[sample_idx];\ndata_size = smeta.sizes[sample_idx];\ndata_ptr = current_set_->full_arena +\n           global_slot_idx * block_size_ +\n           smeta.offsets[sample_idx];<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>data_ptr<\/code> \u6307\u5411\u7684\u662f\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668\u5185\u90e8 arena \u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u989d\u5916\u5806\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709 <code>std::vector<\/code> \u6269\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709 memcpy\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56db\u3001ImageNet \u7684\u56db\u7ea7\u538b\u7f29\uff1a\u753b\u8d28\u3001\u4f53\u79ef\u4e0e\u901f\u5ea6<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">DTS \u4e3a ImageNet \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u56db\u4e2a\u538b\u7f29\u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u4ece LV0 \u5230 LV3\uff0c\u9010\u7ea7\u589e\u52a0\u9884\u5904\u7406\u5f3a\u5ea6\u3002\u6574\u4e2a\u5bfc\u51fa\u903b\u8f91\u90fd\u5199\u5728\u4ed3\u5e93\u7684 <code>python\/scripts\/make_dataset.py<\/code> \u4e2d\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u5f00\u6e90\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5bfc\u51fa\u6d41\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528\u56fa\u5b9a\u968f\u673a\u79cd\u5b50\u3001\u56fa\u5b9a\u7f29\u653e\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08PIL LANCZOS\uff09\u548c\u56fa\u5b9a JPEG \u8d28\u91cf\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u539f\u59cb ImageNet \u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u591a\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u751f\u6210\u7684 DTS \u6587\u4ef6\u5c31\u662f<strong>\u5b57\u8282\u7ea7\u4e00\u81f4<\/strong>\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u56e2\u961f\u5185\u90e8\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u5206\u53d1\u4e00\u6b21 DTS \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6210\u5458\u3001\u6240\u6709\u673a\u5668\u90fd\u80fd\u62ff\u5230\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u8f93\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56db\u4e2a\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u542b\u4e49\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u7ea7\u522b<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u77ed\u8fb9\u9650\u5236<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u957f\u8fb9\u9650\u5236<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">JPEG \u8d28\u91cf<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u4e0e\u539f\u7248 ImageNet \u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">LV0<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u4ec5\u505a\u62fc\u63a5\u3001\u5bf9\u9f50\uff0c\u4e0d\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u539f\u56fe<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u539f\u56fe<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u539f\u56fe<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>\u5b57\u8282\u7ea7\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u539f\u7248 JPEG<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">LV1<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u77ed\u8fb9\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u5219\u6309\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7f29\u653e\u5230 400 px<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">400 px<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u539f\u6bd4\u4f8b<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">90<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u6709\u635f\u7f29\u653e\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u5168\u90e8\u753b\u9762\u5185\u5bb9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">LV2<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u5728 LV1 \u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5bf9\u957f\u8fb9\u505a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u88c1\u526a\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u5230 600 px<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">400 px<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">600 px<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">90<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u53bb\u9664\u8fb9\u7f18\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u51cf\u5c0f\u4f53\u79ef<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">LV3<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u5728 LV2 \u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u628a JPEG \u8d28\u91cf\u964d\u5230 80<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">400 px<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">600 px<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">80<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u4f53\u79ef\u6700\u5c0f\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u901f\u5ea6\u6700\u5feb<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u5f3a\u8c03\uff1a<strong>LV0 \u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u65e0\u538b\u7f29\u7684<\/strong>\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u7801\u56fe\u7247\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u628a\u539f\u59cb\u7684 JPEG \u5b57\u8282\u6d41\u539f\u5c01\u4e0d\u52a8\u5730\u62fc\u63a5\u8fdb 16 MB \u7684 Block\uff0c\u518d\u8865\u4e0a 64 \u5b57\u8282\u5bf9\u9f50\u548c\u7d22\u5f15\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cLV0 \u7684 DTS \u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e ImageNet \u539f\u7248\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u5728\u56fe\u50cf\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0a\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u2014\u2014\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u201c\u628a 128 \u4e07\u5f20 JPEG \u6253\u5305\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 LV0 \u7684 DTS \u4ecd\u7136\u6bd4 RAW \u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u66f4\u5feb\uff1a\u5feb\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u89e3\u7801\uff0c\u800c\u662f<strong>\u8bfb\u53d6\u65b9\u5f0f<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">LV1~LV3 \u5219\u501f\u9274\u4e86 FFCV <code>.beton<\/code> \u7684\u601d\u8def\uff1a\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u6700\u7ec8\u4f1a\u628a\u56fe\u7247 RandomResizedCrop \u5230 224\u00d7224\uff0c\u539f\u56fe\u7684\u51e0\u767e\u4e07\u50cf\u7d20\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u4e22\u6389\uff0c\u90a3\u4e0d\u5982\u5728\u5bfc\u51fa\u9636\u6bb5\u5148\u505a\u5408\u7406\u7684\u4e0b\u91c7\u6837\u548c\u88c1\u526a\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u78c1\u76d8 IO \u91cf\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e0d\u663e\u8457\u5f71\u54cd\u6700\u7ec8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f4d\u4e8e <code>process_imagenet_image<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\"># python\/scripts\/make_dataset.py:891-950\ndef process_imagenet_image(src_path):\n    if compress_level == 0:\n        # LV0\uff1a\u4e0d\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u539f\u6587\u4ef6\u5b57\u8282\u6d41\n        with open(src_path, 'rb') as f:\n            return f.read(), 0\n    else:\n        with Image.open(src_path) as im:\n            w, h = im.size\n            if w > h:\n                # \u77ed\u8fb9\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c LANCZOS \u7f29\u653e\n                if h > crop_boundary:\n                    scale = SHORT_LIMIT * 1.0 \/ h\n                    new_w, new_h = int(w * scale), int(h * scale)\n                    im = im.resize((new_w, new_h), algorithm)\n                # LV2\/LV3\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u957f\u8fb9\u4ecd\u8d85\u8fc7\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u505a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u88c1\u526a\n                if compress_level >= 2:\n                    final_w = min(new_w, LONG_LIMIT)\n                    final_h = min(new_h, SHORT_LIMIT)\n                    ...\n            buf = BytesIO()\n            if im.mode in ('RGBA', 'LA', 'P'):\n                im = im.convert('RGB')\n            im.save(buf, format='JPEG', quality=jpeg_quality)\n            return buf.getvalue(), output_w * output_h<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b9e\u9645\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\uff0cImageNet \u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6 LV0 \u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u7ea6 147 GB\uff08\u7ea6 137 GiB\uff09\uff0cLV3 \u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u538b\u7f29\u5230\u51e0\u5341 GB\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8ffd\u6c42\u6781\u81f4\u8bfb\u53d6\u901f\u5ea6\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u5bb9\u91cf\u53c8\u6709\u9650\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0cLV2\/LV3 \u662f\u5f88\u6709\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684 VGG16BN ImageNet \u793a\u4f8b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528 LV3\uff0c\u4ee5\u6362\u53d6\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u5360\u7528\u548c\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u8bfb\u53d6\u5e26\u5bbd\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u66f4\u5728\u610f\u56fe\u50cf\u8d28\u91cf\u6216\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u539f\u7248 ImageNet \u505a\u4e25\u683c\u5bf9\u9f50\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5207\u6362\u56de LV0 \u6216 LV1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e94\u3001\u5bfc\u51fa\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u4e09\u7ea7\u968f\u673a\u6027<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u8bad\u7ec3\u9700\u8981 shuffle\uff0c\u4f46\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5e76\u53d1\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e0b\u7684 shuffle \u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u53ef\u590d\u73b0\u5e76\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u3002DTS \u628a\u968f\u673a\u6027\u62c6\u6210\u4e86\u4e09\u7ea7\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.1 \u5bfc\u51fa\u7ea7\uff1agreedy arrange + random fill<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u5236\u4f5c DTS \u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u7c7b\u4f3c\u88c5\u7bb1\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u628a\u4e0d\u540c\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u56fe\u7247\u5b89\u6392\u8fdb 16 MB Block\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\"># python\/scripts\/make_dataset.py:1149-1195\ndef greedy_arrange(info_list, minimum_num_blocks, train):\n    random.seed(RAND_SEED)\n    if USING_PIC_ALIGNMENT:\n        apply_pic_alignment_to_all(info_list, PIC_ALIGNMENT_BYTES)\n\n    blocks, block_margin = make_blocks_l0(BLOCK_SIZE, HEADER_SIZE_LV0, minimum_num_blocks)\n    ffd_fill(blocks, block_margin, info_list, minimum_num_blocks)\n    random_fill(blocks, block_margin, info_list, minimum_num_blocks)\n    for k in range(MARGINAL_FILL_ITERATIONS):\n        block_margin, blocks = map(list, (zip(*sorted(zip(block_margin, blocks)))))\n        marginal_fill(blocks, block_margin, info_list, minimum_num_blocks)\n    extra_block_fill(blocks, block_margin, info_list, minimum_num_blocks)\n    return blocks, block_margin<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u5148\u7528 First-Fit Decreasing\uff08FFD\uff09\u628a\u5927\u56fe\u7247\u653e\u8fdb Block\uff0c\u518d\u7528\u968f\u673a\u586b\u5145\u628a\u5c0f\u7a7a\u9699\u586b\u6ee1\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u505a 32 \u8f6e\u4f59\u91cf\u7cbe\u4fee\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u641e\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e48\u590d\u6742\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a ImageNet \u56fe\u7247\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u5927\u5c0f\u5dee\u5f02\u5f88\u5927\uff1a\u6709\u7684\u53ea\u6709\u51e0\u5341 KB\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u8d85\u8fc7 1 MB\u3002\u5982\u679c\u76f4\u63a5\u6309\u6587\u4ef6\u987a\u5e8f\u4f9d\u6b21\u586b\u5145\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u51e0\u4e2a Block \u4f1a\u6781\u5176\u7a00\u758f\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u5927\u91cf\u7a7a\u95f4\u6d6a\u8d39\uff1b\u800c\u628a\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5c0f\u6587\u4ef6\u201c\u6df7\u88c5\u201d\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u628a 16 MB \u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u586b\u5f97\u66f4\u6ee1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5177\u4f53\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u521d\u59cb\u5316 Block<\/strong>\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u6700\u5c0f Block \u6570\uff08\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6 8700\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u96c6 400\uff09\u521b\u5efa\u7a7a Block\uff0c\u5e76\u7559\u51fa 4 KB \u7684 Block \u5934\u90e8\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>First-Fit Decreasing<\/strong>\uff1a\u628a\u6240\u6709\u56fe\u7247\u6309\u5927\u5c0f\u4ece\u5927\u5230\u5c0f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u653e\u5165\u201c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u88c5\u5f97\u4e0b\u5b83\u201d\u7684 Block\u3002FFD \u662f\u7ecf\u5178\u88c5\u7bb1\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\u6700\u4f18\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u80fd\u5728\u8f83\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5f53\u7d27\u51d1\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5e03\u5c40\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u968f\u673a\u586b\u5145<\/strong>\uff1a\u6253\u4e71\u5269\u4f59\u5c0f\u56fe\u7247\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u5c1d\u8bd5\u586b\u5165\u5f53\u524d\u4ecd\u6709\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684 Block\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u907f\u514d FFD \u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u201c\u524d\u6ee1\u540e\u7a7a\u201d\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u504f\u5dee\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4f59\u91cf\u7cbe\u4fee<\/strong>\uff1a\u628a Block \u6309\u5269\u4f59\u7a7a\u95f4\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u53cd\u590d\u5c1d\u8bd5\u628a\u5269\u4f59\u56fe\u7247\u585e\u8fdb\u7f1d\u9699\uff0c\u8fed\u4ee3 32 \u8f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u538b\u7f29\u7387\u63d0\u5347\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u65b0\u589e Block<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4ecd\u6709\u56fe\u7247\u88c5\u4e0d\u4e0b\uff0c\u518d\u52a8\u6001\u8ffd\u52a0 Block\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6240\u6709\u56fe\u7247\u90fd\u6709\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6700\u7ec8\u6548\u679c\u975e\u5e38\u7406\u60f3\uff1aImageNet LV0 \u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u7ea6 8768 \u4e2a Block\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u4e2a Block \u53ea\u5269 13 KB \u4f59\u91cf\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u6d6a\u8d39\u63a7\u5236\u5728\u7ea6 0.08%\uff0813 KB \/ 16 MB\uff09\u5de6\u53f3\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0cDTS \u7528\u51e0\u4e4e\u53ef\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0d\u8ba1\u7684\u989d\u5916\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u6362\u6765\u4e86\u5b8c\u5168\u987a\u5e8f\u5316\u7684 IO \u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.2 Block \u7ea7\uff1aLevel 2 shuffle<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6bcf\u4e2a epoch \u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\uff0c\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668\u4f1a\u5bf9 Block \u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u505a shuffle\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"cpp\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ src\/data\/imagenet_loader_dts.cpp:566-606\nbool should_shuffle = is_train ? shuffle_train_ : shuffle_val_;\nif (should_shuffle) {\n    perform_level2_shuffle(*current_set_, epoch_id);\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u4fdd\u8bc1\u76f8\u90bb Block \u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u4e0d\u5fc5\u76f8\u90bb\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c\u4f46\u6bcf\u4e2a Block \u5185\u90e8\u4ecd\u662f\u987a\u5e8f IO\u3002\u79cd\u5b50\u7531\u5168\u5c40 seed \u548c epoch_id \u5171\u540c\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u56fa\u5b9a seed \u5373\u53ef\u590d\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.3 \u6837\u672c\u7ea7\uff1aLevel 3 shuffle<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Block \u8bfb\u5165\u5185\u5b58\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a buffer \u5185\u7684\u6837\u672c\u505a Fisher-Yates \u6d17\u724c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"cpp\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ src\/data\/imagenet_loader_dts.cpp:1658-1669\nuint64_t base_seed = tr::get_default_generator().seed();\nuint64_t seed = base_seed ^\n                (static_cast&lt;uint64_t>(current_epoch_id_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed)) &lt;&lt; 32) ^\n                (static_cast&lt;uint64_t>(start_group_idx) &lt;&lt; 16);\nshuffle_samples(buffer->shuffled_locations, seed);<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e09\u7ea7\u968f\u673a\u914d\u5408 Philox \u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u968f\u673a\u6570\uff08\u7cfb\u5217\u7b2c 22 \u7bc7\u4f1a\u8be6\u7ec6\u5c55\u5f00\uff09\uff0c\u65e2\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7edf\u8ba1\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6027\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u5728\u56fa\u5b9a seed \u4e0b\u7cbe\u786e\u590d\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.4 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 DTS \u52a0\u8f7d\u66f4\u5feb\uff1a\u5b9e\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u8bf4\u8bdd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u5730\u56de\u7b54\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1aDTS \u5230\u5e95\u6bd4\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u8bfb RAW \u56fe\u7247\u5feb\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ece\u5de5\u7a0b\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0cDTS \u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u6765\u81ea\u51e0\u4e2a\u53e0\u52a0\u6548\u5e94\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u987a\u5e8f IO \u66ff\u4ee3\u968f\u673a IO<\/strong>\uff1aRAW \u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u9700\u8981\u9891\u7e41\u5730\u5728 1000 \u4e2a\u7c7b\u522b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e4b\u95f4\u8df3\u8f6c\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u5927\u91cf\u968f\u673a seek \u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5143\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1bDTS \u628a\u6570\u636e\u5408\u5e76\u6210\u5c11\u91cf\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8bfb\u53d6\u57fa\u672c\u662f\u7eaf\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Block \u7d22\u5f15\u5b9e\u73b0 O(1) \u5b9a\u4f4d<\/strong>\uff1a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6837\u672c\u5e8f\u53f7\uff0cDTS \u76f4\u63a5\u7b97\u51fa Block \u7f16\u53f7\u548c\u5185\u90e8\u504f\u79fb\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u904d\u5386\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u89e3\u6790\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u6216\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Native IO + \u5927\u5206\u5757<\/strong>\uff1aDTS \u4f7f\u7528 <code>pread<\/code>\uff08Linux\uff09\u6216 <code>ReadFile<\/code>\uff08Windows\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5 4 MB \u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6b21\u6570\uff1b<code>pread<\/code> \u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u5171\u4eab\u6587\u4ef6\u504f\u79fb\uff0c\u5929\u7136\u652f\u6301\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u65e0\u9501\u5e76\u53d1\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u96f6\u62f7\u8d1d\u6837\u672c\u66b4\u9732<\/strong>\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u8bfb\u8fdb Block buffer \u540e\uff0c<code>get_next_sample<\/code> \u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u6307\u9488\u4ea4\u7ed9 <code>Preprocessor<\/code>\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u989d\u5916\u7684 <code>malloc<\/code>\/<code>memcpy<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u538b\u7f29\u51cf\u5c11\u78c1\u76d8\u6d41\u91cf<\/strong>\uff1aLV1~LV3 \u5728\u5bfc\u51fa\u9636\u6bb5\u5b8c\u6210\u7f29\u653e\u3001\u88c1\u526a\u548c JPEG \u8d28\u91cf\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u663e\u8457\u51cf\u5c11\uff1b\u73b0\u4ee3 CPU \u7528 TurboJPEG \u89e3\u7801\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f29\u5c0f\u540e\u7684 JPEG \u975e\u5e38\u8f7b\u677e\uff0c\u7701\u4e0b\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u5e26\u5bbd\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u89e3\u7801\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53e0\u52a0\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u6548\u679c\u975e\u5e38\u663e\u8457\u3002\u4ed3\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684 <code>docs\/EXTREME_PERFORMANCE.md<\/code> \u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u5b8c\u6574 epoch\uff08train + val\uff09\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u8017\u65f6\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5e73\u53f0\u662f\u667a\u661f\u4e91 GPU \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1aCPU \u4e3a 2\u00d7 Intel Xeon Platinum 8480C\uff08112 \u6838 \/ 224 \u7ebf\u7a0b\uff09\uff0c\u5185\u5b58 512 GB\uff0cGPU \u4e3a 8\u00d7 A100 40GB\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf Ubuntu 24.04\uff1b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ebf\u7a0b\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a 16 \u4e2a\u52a0\u8f7d\u7ebf\u7a0b + 96 \u4e2a\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u65e0\u7f13\u5b58\u9884\u70ed\uff08\u51b7\u542f\u52a8\uff09\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\uff1a\u79d2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Dataset<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Format<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Mode<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">TRAIN<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">VAL<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">TRAIN+VAL<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">MNIST<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">RAW<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">FULLY<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.203<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.122<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.325<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">MNIST<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">DTS<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">FULLY<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.168<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.113<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.281<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">CIFAR-10<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">RAW<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">FULLY<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.701<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.204<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.905<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">CIFAR-10<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">DTS<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">FULLY<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.273<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.135<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.408<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">CIFAR-100<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">RAW<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">FULLY<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.532<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.200<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.732<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">CIFAR-100<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">DTS<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">FULLY<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.243<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.131<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.374<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">ImageNet<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">RAW<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">FULLY<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">92.648<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">4.252<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">96.900<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">ImageNet<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">DTS LV0<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">FULLY<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">76.632<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">3.607<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">80.239<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">ImageNet<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">DTS LV1<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">FULLY<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">35.220<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1.602<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">36.822<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">ImageNet<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">DTS LV2<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">FULLY<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">35.033<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1.616<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">36.649<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">ImageNet<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">DTS LV3<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">FULLY<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">24.620<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1.147<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">25.767<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">ImageNet<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">RAW<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">PARTIAL<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">91.593<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">4.238<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">95.831<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">ImageNet<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">DTS LV0<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">PARTIAL<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">75.726<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">3.571<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">79.297<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">ImageNet<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">DTS LV1<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">PARTIAL<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">35.890<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1.687<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">37.577<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">ImageNet<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">DTS LV2<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">PARTIAL<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">36.249<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1.635<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">37.884<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">ImageNet<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">DTS LV3<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">PARTIAL<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">25.408<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1.163<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">26.571<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ece\u51b7\u542f\u52a8\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u4e09\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5373\u4f7f\u662f LV0\uff08\u5b8c\u5168\u65e0\u538b\u7f29\uff09\uff0cDTS \u4e5f\u6bd4 RAW \u5feb<\/strong>\uff1aImageNet FULLY \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0cRAW \u9700\u8981 96.9 \u79d2\uff0c\u800c DTS LV0 \u53ea\u9700 80.2 \u79d2\uff1bPARTIAL \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b RAW 95.8 \u79d2\uff0cDTS LV0 79.3 \u79d2\u3002\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e<strong>\u987a\u5e8f\u8bfb\u53d6 + O(1) \u7d22\u5f15 + Native IO<\/strong>\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u8db3\u591f\u4ea7\u751f\u663e\u8457\u6536\u76ca\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u538b\u7f29\u7ea7\u522b\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u52a0\u8f7d\u8d8a\u5feb<\/strong>\uff1aDTS LV3 \u5728 FULLY \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u628a\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u52a0\u8f7d\u65f6\u95f4\u4ece 92.6 \u79d2\u964d\u5230 24.6 \u79d2\uff0cPARTIAL \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u4ece 91.6 \u79d2\u964d\u5230 25.4 \u79d2\u3002\u78c1\u76d8\u8bfb\u53d6\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u7684\u51cf\u5c11\u5bf9\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u975e\u5e38\u76f4\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5c0f\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u540c\u6837\u53d7\u76ca<\/strong>\uff1aCIFAR-10 FULLY \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0cDTS \u628a 0.905 \u79d2\u964d\u5230 0.408 \u79d2\uff0c\u63a5\u8fd1 2.2 \u500d\uff1bCIFAR-100 \u4ece 0.732 \u79d2\u964d\u5230 0.374 \u79d2\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6709\u7f13\u5b58\u9884\u70ed\uff08OS \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f13\u5b58\u5df2\u70ed\uff09\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\uff1a\u79d2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Dataset<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Format<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Mode<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">TRAIN<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">VAL<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">TRAIN+VAL<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">MNIST<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">RAW<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">FULLY<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.200<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.124<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.324<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">MNIST<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">DTS<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">FULLY<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.151<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.110<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.261<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">CIFAR-10<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">RAW<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">FULLY<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.606<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.178<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.784<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">CIFAR-10<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">DTS<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">FULLY<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.236<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.124<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.360<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">CIFAR-100<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">RAW<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">FULLY<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.486<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.187<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.673<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">CIFAR-100<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">DTS<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">FULLY<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.237<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.123<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.360<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">ImageNet<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">RAW<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">FULLY<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">16.369<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.708<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">17.077<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">ImageNet<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">DTS LV0<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">FULLY<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">13.757<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.679<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">14.436<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">ImageNet<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">DTS LV1<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">FULLY<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">7.422<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.371<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">7.793<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">ImageNet<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">DTS LV2<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">FULLY<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">6.516<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.355<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">6.871<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">ImageNet<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">DTS LV3<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">FULLY<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">4.640<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.277<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">4.917<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">ImageNet<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">RAW<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">PARTIAL<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">6.313<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.723<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">7.036<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">ImageNet<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">DTS LV0<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">PARTIAL<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">4.399<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.307<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">4.706<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">ImageNet<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">DTS LV1<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">PARTIAL<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">2.099<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.182<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">2.281<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">ImageNet<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">DTS LV2<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">PARTIAL<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">2.195<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.195<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">2.390<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">ImageNet<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">DTS LV3<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">PARTIAL<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1.645<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.161<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1.806<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9884\u70ed\u540e\uff0cRAW \u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709 OS \u7f13\u5b58\u52a0\u6301\uff0c\u5dee\u8ddd\u4f1a\u7f29\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f46 DTS \u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u7a33\u5b9a\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728 1000 \u4e2a epoch \u7684\u603b\u65f6\u95f4\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e2d\uff0cImageNet PARTIAL \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b RAW \u9700\u8981 4377.384 \u79d2\uff0cDTS LV0 \u964d\u5230 3650.975 \u79d2\uff0cDTS LV3 \u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u964d\u5230 1548.642 \u79d2\uff1bFULLY \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b RAW 340.045 \u79d2\uff0cDTS LV3 333.137 \u79d2\u2014\u2014\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u80fd\u5168\u91cf\u8fdb\u5185\u5b58\u65f6\uff0c\u538b\u7f29\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6536\u76ca\u4f1a\u88ab\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u62c9\u5e73\uff0c\u4f46 DTS \u4f9d\u7136\u4e0d\u843d\u540e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u66f4\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u7535\u8111\u573a\u666f\uff08Intel Core i9-14900HX\uff0c8 GB \u5185\u5b58\uff0cWindows\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">TRAIN<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">VAL<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">TRAIN+VAL<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>RAW<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1610.463<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">63.005<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1673.468<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>DTS LV0<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">37.658<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1.424<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">39.082<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Speed Up<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>42.765\u00d7<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>44.245\u00d7<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>42.819\u00d7<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u7535\u8111\u8fd9\u7c7b IO \u548c\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\u90fd\u66f4\u53d7\u9650\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0cRAW \u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u968f\u673a\u5c0f\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u88ab\u6781\u5ea6\u653e\u5927\uff0c\u800c DTS LV0 \u51ed\u501f\u987a\u5e8f\u5927 IO \u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u52a0\u8f7d\u65f6\u95f4\u4ece 1610.463 \u79d2\u538b\u7f29\u5230 37.658 \u79d2\uff0c<strong>\u8d85\u8fc7 42 \u500d<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u4e0d\u662f\u7279\u4f8b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c0f\u6587\u4ef6\u968f\u673a IO \u74f6\u9888\u88ab\u6d88\u9664\u540e\u7684\u5178\u578b\u8868\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u516d\u3001FULLY \u4e0e PARTIAL\uff1a\u4e24\u79cd\u5185\u5b58\u7b56\u7565<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">DTS \u52a0\u8f7d\u5668\u652f\u6301\u4e24\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"cpp\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ include\/renaissance\/core\/global_config.h:51-55\nenum class LoadMode {\n    AUTO,       \/\/\/&lt; \u81ea\u52a8\u9009\u62e9\uff08\u6839\u636e\u5185\u5b58\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u7248\u672c\u4fdd\u7559\uff09\n    FULLY,      \/\/\/&lt; \u5168\u91cf\u52a0\u8f7d\uff1a\u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u5b58\n    PARTIAL     \/\/\/&lt; \u90e8\u5206\u52a0\u8f7d\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u73af\u5f62\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5faa\u73af\u52a0\u8f7d\n};<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.1 FULLY \u6a21\u5f0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5185\u5b58\u8db3\u591f\u65f6\uff0c\u628a\u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u8bfb\u5165\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u540e\u7eed epoch \u4e0d\u518d\u89e6\u78b0\u78c1\u76d8\uff0c\u53ea\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\u505a\u5168\u5c40 shuffle\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u541e\u5410\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8bad\u7ec3\u9636\u6bb5\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709 IO\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"cpp\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ src\/data\/imagenet_loader_dts.cpp:609-753\nif (current_set_->mode == LoadMode::FULLY) {\n    allocate_buffers(*current_set_);\n    build_full_shuffled_locations(*current_set_);\n    load_one_buffer_batch_fully(*current_set_, 0);\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a epoch \u4f1a\u6d41\u5f0f\u52a0\u8f7d\u6240\u6709 Block \u5230 <code>full_arena<\/code>\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6bcf\u4e2a worker \u6536\u96c6\u81ea\u5df1\u8bfb\u8fc7\u7684 <code>SampleInfo<\/code>\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a epoch \u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u6c47\u603b\u6210\u5168\u5c40\u6837\u672c\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a epoch \u8d77\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u5168\u5c40\u6570\u7ec4\u505a shuffle\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6309 worker \u5206\u6bb5\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7eaf\u5185\u5b58\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.2 PARTIAL \u6a21\u5f0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u4fdd\u7559\u4e24\u4e2a buffer\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a buffer \u5bb9\u7eb3 <code>PF \u00d7 N<\/code> \u4e2a Block\u3002N \u662f IO worker \u6570\uff0cPF \u662f\u9884\u53d6\u56e0\u5b50\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4 4\uff09\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a buffer \u5728\u88ab preprocessor \u6d88\u8d39\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a buffer \u5728\u540e\u53f0\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u53cc\u7f13\u51b2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"cpp\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ src\/data\/imagenet_loader_dts.cpp:754-803\nload_one_buffer_batch(actual_buffer_A, *current_set_, 0);\ncurrent_set_->ready_buffer = actual_buffer_A;<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u96c6\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528 PARTIAL \u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u6846\u67b6\u8fd8\u4f1a\u542f\u7528<strong>\u5171\u4eab\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/strong>\uff0c\u8ba9 train \u548c val \u590d\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u5bf9 buffer\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"cpp\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ src\/data\/imagenet_loader_dts.cpp:516-528\nif (train_set_.mode == LoadMode::PARTIAL &amp;&amp;\n    val_set_.mode == LoadMode::PARTIAL &amp;&amp;\n    !train_set_.file_path.empty() &amp;&amp; !val_set_.file_path.empty()) {\n    use_shared_buffers_ = true;\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.3 MNIST\/CIFAR \u5f3a\u5236 FULLY<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">MNIST \u548c CIFAR \u6570\u636e\u96c6\u5f88\u5c0f\uff08MNIST \u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u7ea6 47 MB\uff0cCIFAR-10 \u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u7ea6 146 MB\uff09\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5168\u91cf\u52a0\u8f7d\u6536\u76ca\u6700\u5927\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u4e5f\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"cpp\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ src\/data\/mnist_loader_dts.cpp:151-158\ntrain_set_.mode = LoadMode::FULLY;\nval_set_.mode = LoadMode::FULLY;<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e03\u3001Native IO \u4e0e\u96f6\u7ade\u4e89\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">DTS \u7684 C++ \u52a0\u8f7d\u5668\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528 C \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684 <code>fread<\/code>\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528\u5e73\u53f0 Native API\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Windows\uff1a<code>ReadFile<\/code> + <code>SetFilePointerEx<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Linux\uff1a<code>pread<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"cpp\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ src\/data\/imagenet_loader_dts.cpp:1263-1328\nvoid ImageNetLoaderDts::read_block_native(FileHandle&amp; file, uint32_t block_id, uint8_t* dst) {\n    constexpr size_t CHUNK_SIZE = 4 * 1024 * 1024;  \/\/ 4MB chunks\n    size_t file_offset = FILE_HEADER_SIZE + static_cast&lt;size_t>(block_id) * BLOCK_SIZE;\n    \/\/ Windows: ReadFile\n    \/\/ Linux: pread\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u4ef6\u53e5\u67c4\u7684\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u5c01\u88c5\u7531 <code>FileHandle<\/code> \u7c7b\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528 RAII \u7ba1\u7406\u8d44\u6e90\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u2014\u2014\u6253\u5f00\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u83b7\u53d6\u53e5\u67c4\uff0c\u6790\u6784\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u3002\u5728 Windows \u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528 <code>CreateFileA<\/code>\/<code>ReadFile<\/code>\/<code>CloseHandle<\/code>\uff0c\u5728 Linux \u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528 <code>open<\/code>\/<code>pread<\/code>\/<code>close<\/code>\uff0c\u5bf9\u5916\u66b4\u9732\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6bcf\u4e2a IO worker \u72ec\u7acb\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u53e5\u67c4\uff0c\u6309 stride=N \u7684\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u5f0f\u9886\u53d6 Block\uff0c\u5199\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u4e13\u5c5e\u7684 slot\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"cpp\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ src\/data\/imagenet_loader_dts.cpp:1232-1258\nfor (int block_seq = start_block + thread_id; block_seq &lt; end_block; block_seq += N) {\n    uint32_t block_id = ds.epoch_block_order[block_seq];\n    uint8_t* dst = buffer.data + static_cast&lt;size_t>(slot_idx) * block_size_;\n    read_block_native(file, block_id, dst);\n    parse_block_meta(slot_idx, dst, ds, buffer.slot_metas[slot_idx]);\n    slot_idx++;\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u9759\u6001\u9886\u53d6\u201d\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u5173\u952e\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8d1f\u8d23\u54ea\u4e9b Block \u5728\u52a0\u8f7d\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u786e\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u961f\u5217\u3001\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u9501\u3001\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u539f\u5b50\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u3002\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6240\u6709 IO \u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0a\u505a\u4e00\u6b21 <code>join<\/code>\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5c4f\u969c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed Philox \u53ef\u590d\u73b0\u968f\u673a\u6570\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u516b\u3001CRC-32\uff1a\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u5b88\u95e8\u5458<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u4e2a 147 GB \u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u62f7\u8d1d\u3001\u89e3\u538b\u3001\u4e0a\u4f20\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff0c\u51fa\u9519\u6982\u7387\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f4e\u3002DTS \u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u5934\u91cc\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u533a\u7684 CRC-32 \u6821\u9a8c\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"cpp\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\"># python\/scripts\/make_dataset.py:357-362\ndef get_partial_crc32(file_path, start_byte_index, return_str=True):\n    \"\"\"\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7b2c N \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u5f00\u59cb\u6821\u9a8c\u76f4\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u675f\"\"\"\n    return _compute_crc32(file_path, offset=start_byte_index, return_str=return_str)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u5728 <code>configure()<\/code> \u65f6\u542f\u7528\u6821\u9a8c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"cpp\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ src\/data\/imagenet_loader_dts.cpp:427-437\nif (verify_crc_) {\n    LOG_INFO &lt;&lt; \"Performing CRC-32 verification...\";\n    if (!train_path.empty()) {\n        if (!verify_dts_crc(train_path)) { ... }\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>verify_dts_crc()<\/code> \u8df3\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6\u5934\uff0c\u7528 zlib \u7684 <code>crc32()<\/code> \u9010 MB \u8ba1\u7b97\u5269\u4f59\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"cpp\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ src\/data\/imagenet_loader_dts.cpp:2180-2254\nuLong computed_crc = crc32(0L, Z_NULL, 0);\nwhile (file) {\n    file.read(reinterpret_cast&lt;char*>(buffer.data()), BUFFER_SIZE);\n    computed_crc = crc32(computed_crc, buffer.data(), bytes_read);\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u867d\u7136\u9996\u6b21\u6821\u9a8c\u9700\u8981\u8bfb\u4e00\u904d\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u56e2\u961f\u5171\u4eab\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u3001\u4e91\u7aef\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7b49\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u8fd9\u7b14\u5f00\u9500\u6362\u6765\u7684\u5fc3\u5b89\u662f\u503c\u5f97\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e5d\u3001DTS \u4e0e\u540e\u7eed\u7ba1\u7ebf\u7684\u8854\u63a5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">DTS \u52a0\u8f7d\u5668\u4e0d\u662f\u5b64\u7acb\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u7edf\u4e00\u63a5\u53e3\u628a\u6837\u672c\u4ea4\u7ed9 <code>Preprocessor<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"cpp\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ include\/renaissance\/data\/data_loader.h:102-106\nvirtual bool get_next_sample(\n    int preproc_worker_id,\n    int32_t&amp; label,\n    const uint8_t*&amp; data_ptr,\n    size_t&amp; data_size) = 0;<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>Preprocessor<\/code> \u62ff\u5230 <code>data_ptr<\/code> \u540e\uff0c\u7528 TurboJPEG \u89e3\u7801\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884c PO \u94fe\uff08RandomResizedCrop\u3001ColorJitter\u3001FusedNormalization \u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5199\u5165 <code>TransferStation<\/code> \u7684\u53cc\u7f13\u51b2\u3002\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bb2\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9884\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u4f1a\u8be6\u7ec6\u5c55\u5f00\uff1b\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\uff0c<strong>DTS \u7684\u96f6\u62f7\u8d1d\u8fd4\u56de\u8ba9 CPU \u9884\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u5fc5\u7b49\u5f85\u4e00\u6b21\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u62f7\u8d1d<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"cpp\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ src\/data\/preprocess_worker.cpp:476-490\nuint8_t* PreprocessWorker::request_transfer_station_slot(int32_t label) {\n    auto [batch_id, position] = calculate_write_position();\n    uint8_t* write_ptr = transfer_station_->request_write_slot(position, batch_id, label);\n    return write_ptr;\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6237\u4ee3\u7801\u91cc\uff0cDTS \u7684\u542f\u7528\u4e5f\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 <code>PREPROCESSOR_SETTING<\/code> \u94fe\u5f0f\u914d\u7f6e\u5373\u53ef\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"cpp\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ tests\/correction\/test_h2d_only_epoch.cpp:534-545\nPREPROCESSOR_SETTING\n    .dataset(dataset_type_str, dataset_path)\n    .using_dts_format(use_dts, compression_level)\n    .fully_mode(!partial_mode)\n    ...\n    .commit();<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5341\u3001\u4e0e\u4e3b\u6d41\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u4e00\u70b9\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">DTS \u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u505a\u901a\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u66ff\u4ee3 FFCV\u3002\u5b83\u505a\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u5728 Tech-Renaissance \u7684\u9759\u6001\u56fe\u3001NHWC\u3001CUDA Graph\u3001\u591a\u6d41\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fd9\u6761\u6280\u672f\u6808\u91cc\uff0c<strong>\u8ba9\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\u4e0e\u540e\u7eed\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\u8282\u5bf9\u9f50<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u76f8\u6bd4 PyTorch \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 <code>ImageFolder<\/code>\uff0cDTS \u628a\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u7684\u5c0f\u6587\u4ef6\u968f\u673a IO \u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u987a\u5e8f\u5927 IO\uff1b\u76f8\u6bd4 LMDB\uff0cDTS \u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56 mmap\uff0cWindows \u548c Linux \u90fd\u80fd\u539f\u751f\u8dd1\uff1b\u76f8\u6bd4 TFRecord\uff0cDTS \u6ca1\u6709 protobuf \u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5f00\u9500\uff1b\u76f8\u6bd4 WebDataset\uff0cDTS \u7684 shuffle \u548c\u53cc\u7f13\u51b2\u662f\u4e3a\u8bad\u7ec3\u5faa\u73af\u9759\u6001\u56fe\u4e13\u95e8\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\uff1b\u76f8\u6bd4 FFCV\uff0cDTS \u5728\u601d\u8def\u4e0a\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86 <code>.beton<\/code> \u7684\u5206\u5757\u538b\u7f29\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4f46\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u52a0\u8f7d\u903b\u8f91\u5b8c\u5168\u56f4\u7ed5\u672c\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u7ba1\u7ebf\u5b9a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e13\u7528\u5316\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u53d6\u820d\uff1aDTS \u6587\u4ef6\u53ea\u80fd\u7528 Tech-Renaissance \u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c\u4e0d\u50cf TFRecord \u90a3\u6837\u901a\u7528\u3002\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ffd\u6c42\u6781\u81f4\u8bad\u7ec3\u541e\u5410\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c<strong>\u4e13\u7528\u683c\u5f0f\u662f\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u6700\u540e\u51e0\u516c\u91cc<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5341\u4e00\u3001\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">DTS \u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\u662f Tech-Renaissance \u6570\u636e\u5f15\u64ce\u7684\u5e95\u5ea7\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u56db\u7ea7\u538b\u7f29\u3001\u56fa\u5b9a Block\u3001SlotMeta \u7d22\u5f15\u3001\u4e09\u7ea7\u968f\u673a shuffle\u3001FULLY\/PARTIAL \u53cc\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001Native IO\u3001CRC \u6821\u9a8c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u628a ImageNet \u8fd9\u79cd\u767e\u4e07\u7ea7\u5c0f\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4ef6\u53ef\u63a7\u3001\u53ef\u590d\u73b0\u3001\u9ad8\u541e\u5410\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6838\u5fc3\u8981\u70b9\u518d\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e00\u904d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u78c1\u76d8\u5e03\u5c40\u51b3\u5b9a\u8bad\u7ec3 IO \u4e0a\u9650<\/strong>\uff1a16 MB Block + \u987a\u5e8f\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c\u8ba9\u5c0f\u6587\u4ef6\u968f\u673a IO \u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>LV0 \u5b8c\u5168\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u539f\u7248 ImageNet<\/strong>\uff1aLV0 \u4e0d\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u7801\u56fe\u7247\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u628a\u539f\u59cb JPEG \u5b57\u8282\u6d41\u62fc\u63a5\u5bf9\u9f50\uff0c\u56fe\u50cf\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0e\u539f\u7248\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5bfc\u51fa\u9636\u6bb5\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\uff1aLV1~LV3 \u7684\u7f29\u653e\u3001\u88c1\u526a\u3001JPEG \u538b\u7f29\u90fd\u5728\u5236\u4f5c DTS \u65f6\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u53ea\u505a\u5fc5\u8981\u7684 RandomResizedCrop \u548c Normalize\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u96f6\u62f7\u8d1d + \u9759\u6001\u9886\u53d6<\/strong>\uff1a<code>get_next_sample<\/code> \u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u5185\u90e8 arena \u6307\u9488\uff0c\u591a IO worker \u65e0\u7ade\u4e89\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>FULLY\/PARTIAL \u4e24\u79cd\u5185\u5b58\u7b56\u7565<\/strong>\uff1a\u5185\u5b58\u5145\u8db3\u5219\u5168\u91cf\u52a0\u8f7d\u5b9e\u73b0\u96f6 IO\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u53d7\u9650\u5219\u53cc\u7f13\u51b2\u5faa\u73af\u52a0\u8f7d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u53ef\u590d\u73b0 shuffle + CRC \u6821\u9a8c<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bad\u7ec3\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u590d\u73b0\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u53ef\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\u8fd9\u5c42\u5730\u57fa\u6253\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u5fc3\u5730\u8bb2<strong>\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9884\u5904\u7406\u3001NUMA \u611f\u77e5\u548c\u5f02\u6b65\u53cc\u7f13\u51b2<\/strong>\u2014\u2014\u770b\u770b CPU \u4fa7\u600e\u4e48\u7528 200+ \u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u628a GPU \u5582\u5230\u9971\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u2014\u2014\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7528AI\u5982\u4f55\u5199\u51fa\u6bd4PyTorch\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u81ea\u7814\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6846\u67b6\u201d\u7cfb\u5217\u6587\u7ae0\u4e4b\u4e5d \u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\u6211\u4eec\u8bb2\u4e86 Tech-Re [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":680,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-container-style":"default","site-container-layout":"default","site-sidebar-layout":"default","disable-article-header":"default","disable-site-header":"default","disable-site-footer":"default","disable-content-area-spacing":"default","footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-475","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-15"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tech-renaissance.cn\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/475","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tech-renaissance.cn\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tech-renaissance.cn\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tech-renaissance.cn\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tech-renaissance.cn\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=475"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/tech-renaissance.cn\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/475\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":678,"href":"https:\/\/tech-renaissance.cn\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/475\/revisions\/678"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tech-renaissance.cn\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/680"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tech-renaissance.cn\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=475"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tech-renaissance.cn\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=475"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tech-renaissance.cn\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=475"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}